The Air Traffic Controller Workforce Imperative: Staffing Models and Their Implementation to Ensure Safe and Efficient Airspace Operations (2025)
Chapter: Appendix C: Federal Aviation Administration Air Traffic Control Facilities and Staffing Levels
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"Appendix C: Federal Aviation Administration Air Traffic Control Facilities and Staffing Levels." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. The Air Traffic Controller Workforce Imperative: Staffing Models and Their Implementation to Ensure Safe and Efficient Airspace Operations. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29112.
C
Federal Aviation Administration Air Traffic Control Facilities and Staffing Levels
The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) publishes its Controller Workforce Plan (CWP) annually. This document includes FAA’s Office of Finance and Management (AFN) staffing standard, current staffing levels, and Collaborative Resource Working Group (CRWG) target for each of FAA’s Air Traffic Control Facilities. Tables C-1 and C-2 reproduce this CWP data from CWP released in 2024, which includes staffing levels as of September 23, 2023. Table C-1 shows staffing levels at Air Route Traffic Control Centers (ARTCCs) while Table C-2 includes terminal facilities such as towers and Terminal Radar Approach Control Facilities (TRACONs). For each facility, the number of Certified Professional Controllers (CPCs), CPCs in training (CPC-ITs), and developmental controllers (DEVs) is shown along with the AFN and the CRWG staffing targets.
TABLE C-1 En Route Facility Staffing Levels and Targets, as of 9/23/2023
| ID | Facility Name | Level | 2024 AFN Target | CPC | CPC-IT | DEV | Total | 2024 CRWG Target |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ZAB | Albuquerque ARTCC | 10 | 222 | 155 | 3 | 53 | 211 | 234 |
| ZAN | Anchorage ARTCC | 10 | 92 | 80 | 1 | 29 | 110 | 106 |
| ZAU | Chicago ARTCC | 12 | 278 | 264 | 6 | 77 | 347 | 321 |
| ZBW | Boston ARTCC | 11 | 189 | 179 | 7 | 36 | 222 | 207 |
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix C: Federal Aviation Administration Air Traffic Control Facilities and Staffing Levels." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. The Air Traffic Controller Workforce Imperative: Staffing Models and Their Implementation to Ensure Safe and Efficient Airspace Operations. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29112.
| ID | Facility Name | Level | 2024 AFN Target | CPC | CPC-IT | DEV | Total | 2024 CRWG Target |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ZDC | Washington ARTCC | 12 | 295 | 257 | 11 | 55 | 323 | 312 |
| ZDV | Denver ARTCC | 10 | 283 | 220 | 7 | 20 | 247 | 294 |
| ZFW | Fort Worth ARTCC | 12 | 263 | 249 | 7 | 49 | 305 | 295 |
| ZHU | Houston ARTCC | 11 | 241 | 245 | 10 | 28 | 283 | 302 |
| ZID | Indianapolis ARTCC | 12 | 278 | 241 | 11 | 58 | 310 | 298 |
| ZJX | Jacksonville ARTCC | 11 | 305 | 209 | 25 | 33 | 267 | 298 |
| ZKC | Kansas City ARTCC | 11 | 234 | 192 | 7 | 46 | 245 | 241 |
| ZLA | Los Angeles ARTCC | 12 | 267 | 192 | 13 | 62 | 267 | 282 |
| ZLC | Salt Lake City ARTCC | 10 | 175 | 122 | 2 | 28 | 152 | 169 |
| ZMA | Miami ARTCC | 11 | 269 | 212 | 11 | 56 | 279 | 298 |
| ZME | Memphis ARTCC | 12 | 263 | 219 | 2 | 61 | 282 | 288 |
| ZMP | Minneapolis ARTCC | 11 | 217 | 215 | 17 | 52 | 284 | 248 |
| ZNY | New York ARTCC | 12 | 272 | 199 | 9 | 95 | 303 | 321 |
| ZOA | Oakland ARTCC | 11 | 228 | 141 | 6 | 86 | 233 | 216 |
| ZOB | Cleveland ARTCC | 12 | 274 | 282 | 6 | 38 | 326 | 345 |
| ZSE | Seattle ARTCC | 10 | 135 | 135 | 4 | 32 | 171 | 166 |
| ZSU | San Juan ARTCC | 9 | 47 | 40 | 3 | 24 | 67 | 65 |
| ZTL | Atlanta ARTCC | 12 | 314 | 283 | 18 | 70 | 371 | 343 |
| ZUA | Guam ARTCC | 8 | 16 | 13 | 0 | 6 | 19 | 18 |
| En Route Total | 5,157 | 4,344 | 186 | 1,094 | 5,624 | 5,667 |
SOURCE: 2024 Controller Workforce Plan.
TABLE C-2 Terminal Facility Staffing Levels and Targets, as of 9/23/2023
| ID | Facility Name | Level | 2024 AFN Target | CPC | CPC-IT | DEV | Total | 2024 CRWG Target |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A11 | Anchorage TRACON | 8 | 22 | 20 | 1 | 2 | 23 | 24 |
| A80 | Atlanta TRACON | 12 | 113 | 71 | 18 | 1 | 90 | 110 |
| A90 | Boston TRACON | 11 | 75 | 61 | 9 | 0 | 70 | 79 |
| ABE | Allentown Tower | 7 | 23 | 26 | 0 | 6 | 32 | 37 |
| ABI | Abilene Tower | 6 | 19 | 15 | 0 | 4 | 19 | 20 |
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix C: Federal Aviation Administration Air Traffic Control Facilities and Staffing Levels." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. The Air Traffic Controller Workforce Imperative: Staffing Models and Their Implementation to Ensure Safe and Efficient Airspace Operations. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29112.
| ID | Facility Name | Level | 2024 AFN Target | CPC | CPC-IT | DEV | Total | 2024 CRWG Target |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ABQ | Albuquerque Tower | 9 | 20 | 21 | 5 | 2 | 28 | 36 |
| ACK | Nantucket Tower | 7 | 9 | 9 | 0 | 2 | 11 | 14 |
| ACT | Waco Tower | 5 | 17 | 17 | 2 | 3 | 22 | 26 |
| ACY | Atlantic City Tower | 8 | 22 | 23 | 1 | 6 | 30 | 26 |
| ADS | Addison Tower | 6 | 11 | 10 | 2 | 3 | 15 | 16 |
| ADW | Andrews Tower | 6 | 11 | 12 | 0 | 3 | 15 | 22 |
| AFW | Alliance Tower | 5 | 13 | 12 | 2 | 6 | 20 | 15 |
| AGC | Allegheny Tower | 5 | 11 | 13 | 1 | 1 | 15 | 21 |
| AGS | Augusta Tower | 6 | 18 | 12 | 3 | 6 | 21 | 21 |
| ALB | Albany Tower | 8 | 23 | 23 | 0 | 9 | 32 | 30 |
| ALO | Waterloo Tower | 5 | 11 | 11 | 0 | 2 | 13 | 23 |
| AMA | Amarillo Tower | 6 | 14 | 19 | 0 | 4 | 23 | 24 |
| ANC | Anchorage Tower | 8 | 28 | 24 | 2 | 0 | 26 | 28 |
| APA | Centennial Tower | 8 | 22 | 17 | 1 | 0 | 18 | 26 |
| APC | Napa Tower | 4 | 7 | 9 | 1 | 2 | 12 | 12 |
| ARB | Ann Arbor Tower | 5 | 7 | 8 | 0 | 2 | 10 | 12 |
| ARR | Aurora Tower | 5 | 7 | 13 | 1 | 2 | 16 | 12 |
| ASE | Aspen Tower | 5 | 11 | 12 | 0 | 3 | 15 | 21 |
| ATL | Atlanta Tower | 12 | 54 | 37 | 6 | 0 | 43 | 52 |
| AUS | Austin Tower | 8 | 52 | 34 | 8 | 0 | 42 | 60 |
| AVL | Asheville Tower | 6 | 16 | 13 | 1 | 2 | 16 | 20 |
| AVP | Wilkes-Barre Tower | 6 | 24 | 16 | 0 | 5 | 21 | 26 |
| AZO | Kalamazoo Tower | 6 | 39 | 47 | 1 | 4 | 52 | 60 |
| BDL | Bradley Tower | 7 | 11 | 14 | 0 | 3 | 17 | 21 |
| BED | Hanscom Tower | 7 | 12 | 15 | 0 | 6 | 21 | 19 |
| BFI | Boeing Tower | 7 | 16 | 17 | 0 | 1 | 18 | 20 |
| BFL | Bakersfield Tower | 7 | 15 | 17 | 1 | 7 | 25 | 26 |
| BGM | Binghamton Tower | 5 | 14 | 14 | 0 | 2 | 16 | 21 |
| BGR | Bangor Tower | 5 | 21 | 13 | 1 | 10 | 24 | 31 |
| BHM | Birmingham Tower | 8 | 22 | 24 | 2 | 3 | 29 | 39 |
| BIL | Billings Tower | 7 | 18 | 17 | 0 | 3 | 20 | 24 |
| BIS | Bismarck Tower | 5 | 13 | 13 | 0 | 1 | 14 | 18 |
| BJC | Broomfield Tower | 6 | 16 | 13 | 2 | 0 | 15 | 16 |
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix C: Federal Aviation Administration Air Traffic Control Facilities and Staffing Levels." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. The Air Traffic Controller Workforce Imperative: Staffing Models and Their Implementation to Ensure Safe and Efficient Airspace Operations. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29112.
| ID | Facility Name | Level | 2024 AFN Target | CPC | CPC-IT | DEV | Total | 2024 CRWG Target |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BNA | Nashville Tower | 9 | 48 | 31 | 6 | 2 | 39 | 41 |
| BOI | Boise Tower | 8 | 28 | 29 | 2 | 0 | 31 | 42 |
| BOS | Boston Tower | 10 | 33 | 28 | 4 | 1 | 33 | 33 |
| BPT | Beaumont Tower | 6 | 9 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 14 |
| BTR | Baton Rouge Tower | 7 | 15 | 17 | 1 | 3 | 21 | 24 |
| BTV | Burlington Tower | 6 | 16 | 20 | 1 | 1 | 22 | 24 |
| BUF | Buffalo Tower | 8 | 27 | 30 | 1 | 5 | 36 | 41 |
| BUR | Burbank Tower | 7 | 15 | 17 | 1 | 6 | 24 | 24 |
| BWI | Baltimore Tower | 9 | 19 | 17 | 3 | 0 | 20 | 22 |
| C90 | Chicago TRACON | 12 | 93 | 71 | 24 | 0 | 95 | 102 |
| CAE | Columbia Tower | 7 | 22 | 17 | 2 | 3 | 22 | 28 |
| CAK | Akron-Canton Tower | 7 | 12 | 15 | 0 | 3 | 18 | 15 |
| CCR | Concord Tower | 5 | 9 | 9 | 0 | 2 | 11 | 14 |
| CDW | Caldwell Tower | 5 | 11 | 9 | 1 | 1 | 11 | 12 |
| CHA | Chattanooga Tower | 7 | 18 | 17 | 0 | 2 | 19 | 24 |
| CHS | Charleston Tower | 8 | 23 | 19 | 0 | 4 | 23 | 29 |
| CID | Cedar Rapids Tower | 6 | 14 | 15 | 1 | 4 | 20 | 23 |
| CKB | Clarksburg Tower | 5 | 16 | 15 | 0 | 4 | 19 | 24 |
| CLE | Cleveland Tower | 10 | 39 | 48 | 3 | 2 | 53 | 53 |
| CLT | Charlotte Tower | 12 | 85 | 76 | 10 | 0 | 86 | 90 |
| CMA | Camarillo Tower | 6 | 10 | 10 | 0 | 1 | 11 | 14 |
| CMH | Columbus Tower | 9 | 37 | 36 | 7 | 2 | 45 | 55 |
| CMI | Champaign Tower | 7 | 14 | 14 | 0 | 3 | 17 | 21 |
| CNO | Chino Tower | 7 | 10 | 9 | 2 | 1 | 12 | 15 |
| COS | Colorado Springs Tower | 8 | 29 | 18 | 1 | 3 | 22 | 27 |
| CPR | Casper Tower | 5 | 17 | 9 | 0 | 4 | 13 | 18 |
| CPS | Downtown Tower | 6 | 9 | 10 | 0 | 3 | 13 | 14 |
| CRP | Corpus Christi Tower | 9 | 30 | 31 | 0 | 2 | 33 | 41 |
| CRQ | Palomar Tower | 7 | 10 | 9 | 0 | 2 | 11 | 14 |
| CRW | Charleston Tower | 7 | 20 | 19 | 0 | 3 | 22 | 31 |
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix C: Federal Aviation Administration Air Traffic Control Facilities and Staffing Levels." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. The Air Traffic Controller Workforce Imperative: Staffing Models and Their Implementation to Ensure Safe and Efficient Airspace Operations. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29112.
| ID | Facility Name | Level | 2024 AFN Target | CPC | CPC-IT | DEV | Total | 2024 CRWG Target |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CSG | Columbus Tower | 4 | 7 | 7 | 0 | 3 | 10 | 12 |
| CVG | Cincinnati Tower | 11 | 37 | 37 | 6 | 0 | 43 | 48 |
| D01 | Denver TRACON | 11 | 79 | 69 | 14 | 0 | 83 | 93 |
| D10 | Dallas-Fort Worth TRACON | 12 | 101 | 70 | 32 | 0 | 102 | 111 |
| D21 | Detroit TRACON | 11 | 41 | 43 | 16 | 1 | 60 | 58 |
| DAB | Daytona Beach Tower | 9 | 54 | 46 | 14 | 0 | 60 | 60 |
| DAL | Dallas Love Tower | 8 | 20 | 19 | 3 | 0 | 22 | 26 |
| DAY | Dayton Tower | 5 | 11 | 11 | 1 | 1 | 13 | 16 |
| DCA | Washington National Tower | 10 | 28 | 19 | 10 | 1 | 30 | 30 |
| DEN | Denver Tower | 12 | 46 | 31 | 3 | 0 | 34 | 41 |
| DFW | Dallas-Fort Worth Tower | 12 | 51 | 47 | 6 | 0 | 53 | 58 |
| DLH | Duluth Tower | 6 | 18 | 14 | 1 | 4 | 19 | 25 |
| DPA | DuPage Tower | 5 | 12 | 13 | 0 | 5 | 18 | 19 |
| DSM | Des Moines Tower | 7 | 19 | 16 | 0 | 6 | 22 | 28 |
| DTW | Detroit Tower | 11 | 26 | 33 | 2 | 0 | 35 | 33 |
| DVT | Deer Valley Tower | 8 | 18 | 15 | 2 | 2 | 19 | 22 |
| DWH | Hooks Tower | 7 | 9 | 13 | 0 | 1 | 14 | 19 |
| ELM | Elmira Tower | 5 | 15 | 10 | 3 | 2 | 15 | 13 |
| ELP | El Paso Tower | 7 | 20 | 22 | 0 | 5 | 27 | 35 |
| EMT | El Monte Tower | 5 | 7 | 8 | 1 | 2 | 11 | 12 |
| ERI | Erie Tower | 5 | 9 | 9 | 0 | 0 | 9 | 12 |
| EUG | Eugene Tower | 7 | 18 | 20 | 0 | 1 | 21 | 28 |
| EVV | Evansville Tower | 6 | 13 | 11 | 1 | 10 | 22 | 23 |
| EWR | Newark Tower | 11 | 37 | 28 | 5 | 0 | 33 | 37 |
| F11 | Central Florida TRACON | 11 | 61 | 40 | 8 | 0 | 48 | 60 |
| FAI | Fairbanks Tower | 7 | 21 | 14 | 0 | 11 | 25 | 28 |
| FAR | Fargo Tower | 6 | 19 | 14 | 0 | 4 | 18 | 26 |
| FAT | Fresno Tower | 8 | 26 | 19 | 0 | 9 | 28 | 30 |
| FAY | Fayetteville Tower | 7 | 23 | 16 | 1 | 9 | 26 | 28 |
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix C: Federal Aviation Administration Air Traffic Control Facilities and Staffing Levels." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. The Air Traffic Controller Workforce Imperative: Staffing Models and Their Implementation to Ensure Safe and Efficient Airspace Operations. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29112.
| ID | Facility Name | Level | 2024 AFN Target | CPC | CPC-IT | DEV | Total | 2024 CRWG Target |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FCM | Flying Cloud Tower | 5 | 9 | 10 | 1 | 1 | 12 | 14 |
| FFZ | Falcon Field Tower | 7 | 16 | 10 | 0 | 2 | 12 | 18 |
| FLL | Fort Lauderdale Tower | 9 | 23 | 22 | 2 | 0 | 24 | 26 |
| FLO | Florence Tower | 6 | 12 | 11 | 0 | 5 | 16 | 16 |
| FNT | Flint Tower | 5 | 9 | 9 | 0 | 2 | 11 | 12 |
| FPR | St Lucie Tower | 6 | 9 | 8 | 1 | 1 | 10 | 14 |
| FRG | Farmingdale Tower | 7 | 16 | 9 | 2 | 5 | 16 | 13 |
| FSD | Sioux Falls Tower | 6 | 17 | 15 | 1 | 2 | 18 | 22 |
| FSM | Fort Smith Tower | 7 | 22 | 28 | 1 | 3 | 32 | 30 |
| FTW | Meacham Tower | 5 | 14 | 12 | 1 | 4 | 17 | 23 |
| FWA | Fort Wayne Tower | 7 | 21 | 18 | 0 | 4 | 22 | 29 |
| FXE | Fort Lauderdale Executive Tower | 7 | 16 | 14 | 0 | 4 | 18 | 21 |
| GCN | Grand Canyon Tower | 5 | 7 | 8 | 0 | 1 | 9 | 14 |
| GEG | Spokane Tower | 8 | 31 | 29 | 5 | 4 | 38 | 44 |
| GFK | Grand Forks Tower | 9 | 22 | 19 | 0 | 1 | 20 | 30 |
| GGG | Longview Tower | 7 | 17 | 16 | 0 | 8 | 24 | 28 |
| GPT | Gulfport Tower | 7 | 14 | 13 | 0 | 4 | 17 | 22 |
| GRB | Green Bay Tower | 6 | 19 | 18 | 0 | 0 | 18 | 26 |
| GRR | Grand Rapids Tower | 8 | 11 | 10 | 0 | 0 | 10 | 14 |
| GSO | Greensboro Tower | 8 | 23 | 22 | 0 | 5 | 27 | 28 |
| GSP | Greer Tower | 7 | 18 | 17 | 1 | 4 | 22 | 24 |
| GTF | Great Falls Tower | 5 | 18 | 12 | 0 | 7 | 19 | 23 |
| HCF | Honolulu Control Facility | 11 | 90 | 64 | 11 | 8 | 83 | 93 |
| HEF | Manassas Tower | 5 | 9 | 11 | 1 | 1 | 13 | 12 |
| HIO | Hillsboro Tower | 7 | 10 | 15 | 0 | 2 | 17 | 18 |
| HLN | Helena Tower | 5 | 9 | 10 | 0 | 2 | 12 | 16 |
| HOU | Hobby Tower | 8 | 18 | 18 | 2 | 0 | 20 | 22 |
| HPN | Westchester Tower | 7 | 12 | 14 | 0 | 6 | 20 | 22 |
| HSV | Huntsville Tower | 7 | 14 | 14 | 1 | 7 | 22 | 24 |
| HTS | Huntington Tower | 6 | 19 | 14 | 0 | 4 | 18 | 27 |
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix C: Federal Aviation Administration Air Traffic Control Facilities and Staffing Levels." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. The Air Traffic Controller Workforce Imperative: Staffing Models and Their Implementation to Ensure Safe and Efficient Airspace Operations. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29112.
| ID | Facility Name | Level | 2024 AFN Target | CPC | CPC-IT | DEV | Total | 2024 CRWG Target |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HUF | Terre Haute/Hulman Tower | 5 | 19 | 13 | 1 | 5 | 19 | 29 |
| HWD | Hayward Tower | 6 | 8 | 7 | 0 | 3 | 10 | 14 |
| I90 | Houston TRACON | 12 | 84 | 78 | 13 | 0 | 91 | 96 |
| IAD | Dulles Tower | 11 | 25 | 26 | 2 | 0 | 28 | 30 |
| IAH | Houston Intercontinental Tower | 12 | 32 | 30 | 3 | 0 | 33 | 39 |
| ICT | Wichita Tower | 9 | 30 | 23 | 6 | 4 | 33 | 40 |
| ILG | Wilmington Tower | 6 | 9 | 11 | 0 | 1 | 12 | 14 |
| ILM | Wilmington Tower | 7 | 14 | 17 | 2 | 4 | 23 | 26 |
| IND | Indianapolis Tower | 9 | 49 | 37 | 6 | 0 | 43 | 45 |
| ISP | Islip Tower | 7 | 11 | 14 | 1 | 2 | 17 | 23 |
| ITO | Hilo Tower | 7 | 11 | 12 | 0 | 2 | 14 | 18 |
| JAN | Jackson Tower | 7 | 15 | 14 | 0 | 4 | 18 | 22 |
| JAX | Jacksonville Tower | 9 | 45 | 38 | 7 | 3 | 48 | 45 |
| JCF | Joshua Control Facility | 8 | 25 | 14 | 3 | 7 | 24 | 26 |
| JFK | Kennedy Tower | 11 | 35 | 28 | 6 | 0 | 34 | 33 |
| JNU | Juneau Tower | 5 | 12 | 12 | 0 | 2 | 14 | 19 |
| L30 | Las Vegas TRACON | 11 | 44 | 36 | 2 | 0 | 38 | 56 |
| LAF | Lafayette Tower | 4 | 9 | 8 | 0 | 3 | 11 | 12 |
| LAN | Lansing Tower | 8 | 11 | 12 | 0 | 2 | 14 | 15 |
| LAS | Las Vegas Tower | 11 | 43 | 30 | 6 | 0 | 36 | 41 |
| LAX | Los Angeles Tower | 11 | 44 | 39 | 9 | 0 | 48 | 56 |
| LBB | Lubbock Tower | 7 | 18 | 16 | 0 | 2 | 18 | 26 |
| LCH | Lake Charles Tower | 6 | 16 | 14 | 0 | 3 | 17 | 21 |
| LEX | Lexington Tower | 7 | 24 | 19 | 2 | 3 | 24 | 30 |
| LFT | Lafayette Tower | 7 | 16 | 17 | 0 | 4 | 21 | 24 |
| LGA | LaGuardia Tower | 10 | 32 | 29 | 7 | 0 | 36 | 37 |
| LGB | Long Beach Tower | 8 | 19 | 16 | 4 | 0 | 20 | 26 |
| LIT | Little Rock Tower | 8 | 22 | 23 | 1 | 4 | 28 | 38 |
| LNK | Lincoln Tower | 7 | 10 | 9 | 1 | 1 | 11 | 12 |
| LOU | Bowman Tower | 5 | 9 | 9 | 1 | 1 | 11 | 14 |
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix C: Federal Aviation Administration Air Traffic Control Facilities and Staffing Levels." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. The Air Traffic Controller Workforce Imperative: Staffing Models and Their Implementation to Ensure Safe and Efficient Airspace Operations. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29112.
| ID | Facility Name | Level | 2024 AFN Target | CPC | CPC-IT | DEV | Total | 2024 CRWG Target |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LVK | Livermore Tower | 6 | 9 | 9 | 0 | 4 | 13 | 14 |
| M03 | Memphis TRACON | 9 | 33 | 25 | 0 | 1 | 26 | 41 |
| M98 | Minneapolis TRACON | 11 | 44 | 47 | 9 | 4 | 60 | 54 |
| MAF | Midland Tower | 8 | 14 | 19 | 0 | 6 | 25 | 26 |
| MBS | Saginaw Tower | 6 | 9 | 9 | 0 | 1 | 10 | 14 |
| MCI | Kansas City Tower | 9 | 26 | 36 | 3 | 2 | 41 | 40 |
| MCO | Orlando Tower | 11 | 29 | 19 | 6 | 0 | 25 | 35 |
| MDT | Harrisburg Tower | 8 | 28 | 20 | 3 | 10 | 33 | 32 |
| MDW | Midway Tower | 8 | 18 | 19 | 3 | 2 | 24 | 22 |
| MEM | Memphis Tower | 9 | 20 | 20 | 7 | 0 | 27 | 35 |
| MFD | Mansfield Tower | 5 | 9 | 8 | 0 | 4 | 12 | 12 |
| MGM | Montgomery Tower | 7 | 15 | 17 | 1 | 6 | 24 | 24 |
| MHT | Manchester Tower | 5 | 12 | 13 | 0 | 0 | 13 | 16 |
| MIA | Miami Tower | 12 | 98 | 59 | 28 | 0 | 87 | 98 |
| MIC | Crystal Tower | 4 | 9 | 9 | 0 | 2 | 11 | 12 |
| MKC | Downtown Tower | 5 | 12 | 13 | 1 | 2 | 16 | 19 |
| MKE | Milwaukee Tower | 9 | 35 | 27 | 7 | 0 | 34 | 49 |
| MKG | Muskegon Tower | 6 | 9 | 8 | 0 | 3 | 11 | 12 |
| MLI | Quad City Tower | 6 | 14 | 16 | 1 | 5 | 22 | 21 |
| MLU | Monroe Tower | 6 | 13 | 12 | 1 | 4 | 17 | 21 |
| MMU | Morristown Tower | 5 | 9 | 8 | 0 | 3 | 11 | 19 |
| MOB | Mobile Tower | 8 | 19 | 19 | 2 | 0 | 21 | 24 |
| MRI | Merrill Tower | 7 | 12 | 9 | 0 | 2 | 11 | 14 |
| MRY | Monterey Tower | 5 | 9 | 8 | 0 | 2 | 10 | 12 |
| MSN | Madison Tower | 8 | 18 | 15 | 0 | 8 | 23 | 30 |
| MSP | Minneapolis Tower | 11 | 28 | 30 | 4 | 0 | 34 | 37 |
| MSY | New Orleans Tower | 9 | 40 | 25 | 7 | 2 | 34 | 39 |
| MWH | Grant County Tower | 6 | 16 | 12 | 0 | 6 | 18 | 21 |
| MYF | Montgomery Tower | 7 | 18 | 14 | 5 | 1 | 20 | 21 |
| MYR | Myrtle Beach Tower | 7 | 34 | 17 | 4 | 0 | 21 | 27 |
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix C: Federal Aviation Administration Air Traffic Control Facilities and Staffing Levels." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. The Air Traffic Controller Workforce Imperative: Staffing Models and Their Implementation to Ensure Safe and Efficient Airspace Operations. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29112.
| ID | Facility Name | Level | 2024 AFN Target | CPC | CPC-IT | DEV | Total | 2024 CRWG Target |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N90 | New York TRACON | 12 | 199 | 130 | 16 | 59 | 205 | 226 |
| NCT | Northern California TRACON | 12 | 169 | 123 | 17 | 0 | 140 | 174 |
| NEW | Lakefront Tower | 5 | 7 | 11 | 0 | 4 | 15 | 14 |
| OAK | Oakland Tower | 7 | 17 | 19 | 2 | 0 | 21 | 35 |
| OGG | Maui Tower | 7 | 11 | 10 | 1 | 4 | 15 | 19 |
| OKC | Oklahoma City Tower | 8 | 30 | 24 | 4 | 5 | 33 | 36 |
| OMA | Eppley Tower | 6 | 11 | 12 | 1 | 3 | 16 | 16 |
| ONT | Ontario Tower | 6 | 11 | 14 | 0 | 2 | 16 | 21 |
| ORD | Chicago O’Hare Tower | 12 | 53 | 57 | 16 | 0 | 73 | 73 |
| ORF | Norfolk Tower | 9 | 30 | 20 | 5 | 2 | 27 | 35 |
| ORL | Orlando Executive Tower | 5 | 9 | 12 | 0 | 1 | 13 | 12 |
| P31 | Pensacola TRACON | 9 | 30 | 32 | 4 | 0 | 36 | 35 |
| P50 | Phoenix TRACON | 11 | 61 | 53 | 6 | 1 | 60 | 58 |
| P80 | Portland TRACON | 9 | 26 | 21 | 3 | 4 | 28 | 26 |
| PAE | Paine Tower | 6 | 10 | 10 | 0 | 1 | 11 | 14 |
| PAO | Palo Alto Tower | 6 | 8 | 8 | 0 | 3 | 11 | 14 |
| PBI | Palm Beach Tower | 9 | 56 | 46 | 3 | 3 | 52 | 58 |
| PCT | Potomac TRACON | 12 | 148 | 140 | 23 | 0 | 163 | 173 |
| PDK | DeKalb-Peachtree Tower | 7 | 13 | 16 | 3 | 1 | 20 | 22 |
| PDX | Portland Tower | 8 | 18 | 22 | 4 | 1 | 27 | 26 |
| PHF | Patrick Henry Tower | 7 | 9 | 9 | 0 | 3 | 12 | 14 |
| PHL | Philadelphia Tower | 12 | 75 | 63 | 32 | 2 | 97 | 114 |
| PHX | Phoenix Tower | 11 | 35 | 25 | 3 | 0 | 28 | 35 |
| PIA | Peoria Tower | 6 | 12 | 16 | 0 | 1 | 17 | 15 |
| PIE | St. Petersburg Tower | 7 | 9 | 11 | 0 | 3 | 14 | 14 |
| PIT | Pittsburgh Tower | 10 | 36 | 31 | 4 | 2 | 37 | 45 |
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix C: Federal Aviation Administration Air Traffic Control Facilities and Staffing Levels." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. The Air Traffic Controller Workforce Imperative: Staffing Models and Their Implementation to Ensure Safe and Efficient Airspace Operations. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29112.
| ID | Facility Name | Level | 2024 AFN Target | CPC | CPC-IT | DEV | Total | 2024 CRWG Target |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PNE | Northeast Philadelphia Tower | 5 | 9 | 8 | 3 | 2 | 13 | 14 |
| PNS | Pensacola Tower | 6 | 9 | 8 | 2 | 2 | 12 | 14 |
| POC | Brackett Tower | 6 | 7 | 9 | 0 | 3 | 12 | 14 |
| POU | Poughkeepsie Tower | 5 | 9 | 7 | 0 | 2 | 9 | 12 |
| PRC | Prescott Tower | 7 | 15 | 11 | 3 | 0 | 14 | 18 |
| PSC | Pasco Tower | 7 | 9 | 10 | 0 | 0 | 10 | 17 |
| PSP | Palm Springs Tower | 7 | 9 | 9 | 0 | 2 | 11 | 12 |
| PTK | Pontiac Tower | 7 | 11 | 9 | 1 | 3 | 13 | 15 |
| PUB | Pueblo Tower | 7 | 13 | 10 | 1 | 3 | 14 | 18 |
| PVD | Providence Tower | 8 | 29 | 28 | 3 | 5 | 36 | 37 |
| PWK | Chicago Executive Tower | 6 | 9 | 11 | 1 | 2 | 14 | 14 |
| PWM | Portland Tower | 7 | 17 | 18 | 4 | 0 | 22 | 26 |
| R90 | Omaha TRACON | 8 | 22 | 18 | 0 | 4 | 22 | 24 |
| RDG | Reading Tower | 7 | 18 | 15 | 3 | 1 | 19 | 18 |
| RDU | Raleigh-Durham Tower | 9 | 46 | 34 | 9 | 1 | 44 | 43 |
| RFD | Rockford Tower | 7 | 22 | 19 | 0 | 2 | 21 | 32 |
| RHV | Reid-Hillview Tower | 6 | 9 | 10 | 0 | 2 | 12 | 14 |
| RIC | Richmond Tower | 6 | 11 | 14 | 1 | 1 | 16 | 16 |
| RNO | Reno Tower | 5 | 11 | 14 | 0 | 4 | 18 | 21 |
| ROA | Roanoke Tower | 7 | 18 | 21 | 1 | 2 | 24 | 28 |
| ROC | Rochester Tower | 7 | 22 | 22 | 1 | 3 | 26 | 37 |
| ROW | Roswell Tower | 7 | 12 | 11 | 0 | 7 | 18 | 18 |
| RST | Rochester Tower | 6 | 14 | 11 | 0 | 0 | 11 | 23 |
| RSW | Fort Myers Tower | 8 | 29 | 28 | 3 | 1 | 32 | 37 |
| RVS | Riverside Tower | 8 | 11 | 16 | 1 | 3 | 20 | 18 |
| S46 | Seattle TRACON | 10 | 55 | 34 | 3 | 1 | 38 | 52 |
| S56 | Salt Lake City TRACON | 10 | 40 | 35 | 4 | 2 | 41 | 45 |
| SAN | San Diego Tower | 7 | 19 | 23 | 0 | 0 | 23 | 28 |
| SAT | San Antonio Tower | 10 | 39 | 39 | 6 | 1 | 46 | 56 |
Page
241
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix C: Federal Aviation Administration Air Traffic Control Facilities and Staffing Levels." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. The Air Traffic Controller Workforce Imperative: Staffing Models and Their Implementation to Ensure Safe and Efficient Airspace Operations. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29112.
| ID | Facility Name | Level | 2024 AFN Target | CPC | CPC-IT | DEV | Total | 2024 CRWG Target |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SAV | Savannah Tower | 8 | 29 | 21 | 2 | 2 | 25 | 32 |
| SBA | Santa Barbara Tower | 8 | 19 | 23 | 0 | 6 | 29 | 30 |
| SBN | South Bend Tower | 7 | 22 | 17 | 1 | 9 | 27 | 30 |
| SCK | Stockton Tower | 5 | 7 | 12 | 0 | 1 | 13 | 12 |
| SCT | Southern California TRACON | 12 | 203 | 171 | 39 | 0 | 210 | 232 |
| SDF | Standiford Tower | 9 | 46 | 34 | 10 | 2 | 46 | 52 |
| SDL | Scottsdale Tower | 7 | 12 | 9 | 0 | 1 | 10 | 16 |
| SEA | Seattle Tower | 9 | 33 | 25 | 3 | 0 | 28 | 33 |
| SEE | Gillespie Tower | 7 | 10 | 13 | 1 | 3 | 17 | 19 |
| SFB | Sanford Tower | 8 | 16 | 13 | 1 | 0 | 14 | 18 |
| SFO | San Francisco Tower | 9 | 31 | 22 | 6 | 0 | 28 | 30 |
| SGF | Springfield Tower | 7 | 23 | 24 | 0 | 3 | 27 | 30 |
| SHV | Shreveport Tower | 7 | 21 | 22 | 0 | 3 | 25 | 28 |
| SJC | San Jose Tower | 6 | 13 | 11 | 2 | 4 | 17 | 15 |
| SJU | San Juan Tower | 7 | 13 | 15 | 0 | 2 | 17 | 22 |
| SLC | Salt Lake City Tower | 10 | 29 | 27 | 0 | 0 | 27 | 33 |
| SMF | Sacramento Tower | 6 | 11 | 14 | 1 | 3 | 18 | 16 |
| SMO | Santa Monica Tower | 6 | 7 | 14 | 3 | 3 | 20 | 16 |
| SNA | John Wayne Tower | 9 | 20 | 16 | 2 | 2 | 20 | 26 |
| SPI | Springfield Tower | 6 | 8 | 10 | 0 | 1 | 11 | 12 |
| SRQ | Sarasota Tower | 6 | 12 | 13 | 0 | 2 | 15 | 16 |
| STL | St Louis Tower | 9 | 14 | 21 | 3 | 2 | 26 | 22 |
| STP | St Paul Tower | 6 | 9 | 10 | 0 | 2 | 12 | 14 |
| STS | Sonoma Tower | 5 | 7 | 6 | 0 | 5 | 11 | 14 |
| STT | St Thomas Tower | 5 | 9 | 10 | 1 | 1 | 12 | 14 |
| SUS | Spirit Tower | 5 | 9 | 9 | 1 | 1 | 11 | 14 |
| SUX | Sioux Gateway Tower | 5 | 12 | 13 | 0 | 2 | 15 | 21 |
| SYR | Syracuse Tower | 8 | 19 | 17 | 0 | 9 | 26 | 28 |
| T75 | St Louis TRACON | 10 | 37 | 26 | 14 | 1 | 41 | 39 |
Page
242
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix C: Federal Aviation Administration Air Traffic Control Facilities and Staffing Levels." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. The Air Traffic Controller Workforce Imperative: Staffing Models and Their Implementation to Ensure Safe and Efficient Airspace Operations. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29112.
| ID | Facility Name | Level | 2024 AFN Target | CPC | CPC-IT | DEV | Total | 2024 CRWG Target |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TEB | Teterboro Tower | 7 | 27 | 14 | 5 | 1 | 20 | 22 |
| TLH | Tallahassee Tower | 7 | 17 | 15 | 0 | 2 | 17 | 24 |
| TMB | Tamiami Tower | 7 | 14 | 16 | 0 | 1 | 17 | 22 |
| TOA | Torrance Tower | 6 | 10 | 10 | 0 | 6 | 16 | 14 |
| TOL | Toledo Tower | 7 | 22 | 20 | 1 | 2 | 23 | 25 |
| TPA | Tampa Tower | 10 | 57 | 45 | 13 | 3 | 61 | 67 |
| TRI | Tri-Cities Tower | 6 | 17 | 17 | 0 | 5 | 22 | 24 |
| TUL | Tulsa Tower | 8 | 25 | 25 | 2 | 2 | 29 | 34 |
| TUS | Tucson Tower | 8 | 13 | 15 | 0 | 3 | 18 | 22 |
| TVC | Traverse City Tower | 5 | 9 | 8 | 0 | 1 | 9 | 14 |
| TWF | Twin Fals Tower | 5 | 9 | 8 | 0 | 3 | 11 | 14 |
| TYS | Knoxville Tower | 7 | 25 | 24 | 4 | 2 | 30 | 37 |
| U90 | Tucson TRACON | 8 | 19 | 13 | 3 | 5 | 21 | 24 |
| VGT | North Las Vegas Tower | 6 | 10 | 10 | 0 | 2 | 12 | 20 |
| VNY | Van Nuys Tower | 8 | 21 | 22 | 1 | 0 | 23 | 26 |
| VRB | Vero Beach Tower | 6 | 13 | 10 | 0 | 0 | 10 | 13 |
| Y90 | Yankee TRACON | 9 | 21 | 15 | 7 | 3 | 25 | 26 |
| YIP | Willow Run Tower | 5 | 12 | 14 | 0 | 2 | 16 | 23 |
| YNG | Youngstown Tower | 5 | 20 | 17 | 0 | 2 | 19 | 25 |
| Terminal Total | 7,085 | 6,249 | 798 | 776 | 7,823 | 8,966 |
Page
231
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix C: Federal Aviation Administration Air Traffic Control Facilities and Staffing Levels." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. The Air Traffic Controller Workforce Imperative: Staffing Models and Their Implementation to Ensure Safe and Efficient Airspace Operations. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29112.
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232
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix C: Federal Aviation Administration Air Traffic Control Facilities and Staffing Levels." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. The Air Traffic Controller Workforce Imperative: Staffing Models and Their Implementation to Ensure Safe and Efficient Airspace Operations. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29112.
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233
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix C: Federal Aviation Administration Air Traffic Control Facilities and Staffing Levels." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. The Air Traffic Controller Workforce Imperative: Staffing Models and Their Implementation to Ensure Safe and Efficient Airspace Operations. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29112.
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234
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix C: Federal Aviation Administration Air Traffic Control Facilities and Staffing Levels." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. The Air Traffic Controller Workforce Imperative: Staffing Models and Their Implementation to Ensure Safe and Efficient Airspace Operations. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29112.
Page
235
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix C: Federal Aviation Administration Air Traffic Control Facilities and Staffing Levels." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. The Air Traffic Controller Workforce Imperative: Staffing Models and Their Implementation to Ensure Safe and Efficient Airspace Operations. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29112.
Page
236
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix C: Federal Aviation Administration Air Traffic Control Facilities and Staffing Levels." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. The Air Traffic Controller Workforce Imperative: Staffing Models and Their Implementation to Ensure Safe and Efficient Airspace Operations. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29112.
Page
237
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix C: Federal Aviation Administration Air Traffic Control Facilities and Staffing Levels." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. The Air Traffic Controller Workforce Imperative: Staffing Models and Their Implementation to Ensure Safe and Efficient Airspace Operations. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29112.
Page
238
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix C: Federal Aviation Administration Air Traffic Control Facilities and Staffing Levels." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. The Air Traffic Controller Workforce Imperative: Staffing Models and Their Implementation to Ensure Safe and Efficient Airspace Operations. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29112.
Page
239
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix C: Federal Aviation Administration Air Traffic Control Facilities and Staffing Levels." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. The Air Traffic Controller Workforce Imperative: Staffing Models and Their Implementation to Ensure Safe and Efficient Airspace Operations. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29112.
Page
240
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix C: Federal Aviation Administration Air Traffic Control Facilities and Staffing Levels." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. The Air Traffic Controller Workforce Imperative: Staffing Models and Their Implementation to Ensure Safe and Efficient Airspace Operations. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29112.
Page
241
Share
Suggested Citation:
"Appendix C: Federal Aviation Administration Air Traffic Control Facilities and Staffing Levels." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. The Air Traffic Controller Workforce Imperative: Staffing Models and Their Implementation to Ensure Safe and Efficient Airspace Operations. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29112.
Page
242
Share
Suggested Citation:
"Appendix C: Federal Aviation Administration Air Traffic Control Facilities and Staffing Levels." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. The Air Traffic Controller Workforce Imperative: Staffing Models and Their Implementation to Ensure Safe and Efficient Airspace Operations. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29112.
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