Examining Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition: Proceedings of a Workshop (2025)

Chapter: 2 Exploring the Evidence for Characterizing Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition

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Suggested Citation: "2 Exploring the Evidence for Characterizing Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Examining Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/29230.
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Suggested Citation: "2 Exploring the Evidence for Characterizing Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Examining Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/29230.
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Suggested Citation: "2 Exploring the Evidence for Characterizing Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Examining Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/29230.
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Suggested Citation: "2 Exploring the Evidence for Characterizing Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Examining Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/29230.
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Suggested Citation: "2 Exploring the Evidence for Characterizing Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Examining Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/29230.
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Page 14 Cite
Suggested Citation: "2 Exploring the Evidence for Characterizing Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Examining Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/29230.
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Page 15 Cite
Suggested Citation: "2 Exploring the Evidence for Characterizing Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Examining Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/29230.
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Page 16 Cite
Suggested Citation: "2 Exploring the Evidence for Characterizing Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Examining Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/29230.
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Page 17 Cite
Suggested Citation: "2 Exploring the Evidence for Characterizing Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Examining Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/29230.
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Page 18 Cite
Suggested Citation: "2 Exploring the Evidence for Characterizing Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Examining Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/29230.
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Page 19 Cite
Suggested Citation: "2 Exploring the Evidence for Characterizing Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Examining Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/29230.
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Page 20 Cite
Suggested Citation: "2 Exploring the Evidence for Characterizing Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Examining Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/29230.
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Page 21 Cite
Suggested Citation: "2 Exploring the Evidence for Characterizing Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Examining Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/29230.
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Page 21
Page 22 Cite
Suggested Citation: "2 Exploring the Evidence for Characterizing Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Examining Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/29230.
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Page 22
Page 23 Cite
Suggested Citation: "2 Exploring the Evidence for Characterizing Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Examining Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/29230.
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Page 24 Cite
Suggested Citation: "2 Exploring the Evidence for Characterizing Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Examining Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/29230.
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Page 24
Page 25 Cite
Suggested Citation: "2 Exploring the Evidence for Characterizing Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Examining Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/29230.
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Page 25
Page 26 Cite
Suggested Citation: "2 Exploring the Evidence for Characterizing Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Examining Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/29230.
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Page 26
Page 27 Cite
Suggested Citation: "2 Exploring the Evidence for Characterizing Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Examining Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/29230.
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Page 27
Page 28 Cite
Suggested Citation: "2 Exploring the Evidence for Characterizing Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Examining Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/29230.
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Page 28
Page 29 Cite
Suggested Citation: "2 Exploring the Evidence for Characterizing Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Examining Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/29230.
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Page 29
Page 30 Cite
Suggested Citation: "2 Exploring the Evidence for Characterizing Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Examining Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/29230.
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Page 30
Page 31 Cite
Suggested Citation: "2 Exploring the Evidence for Characterizing Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Examining Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/29230.
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Page 31
Page 32 Cite
Suggested Citation: "2 Exploring the Evidence for Characterizing Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Examining Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/29230.
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Page 32
Page 33 Cite
Suggested Citation: "2 Exploring the Evidence for Characterizing Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Examining Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/29230.
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Page 33
Page 34 Cite
Suggested Citation: "2 Exploring the Evidence for Characterizing Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Examining Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/29230.
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Page 34
Page 35 Cite
Suggested Citation: "2 Exploring the Evidence for Characterizing Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Examining Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/29230.
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Page 35
Page 36 Cite
Suggested Citation: "2 Exploring the Evidence for Characterizing Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Examining Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/29230.
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Page 36
Page 37 Cite
Suggested Citation: "2 Exploring the Evidence for Characterizing Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Examining Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/29230.
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Page 37
Page 38 Cite
Suggested Citation: "2 Exploring the Evidence for Characterizing Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Examining Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/29230.
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Page 38
Page 39 Cite
Suggested Citation: "2 Exploring the Evidence for Characterizing Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Examining Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/29230.
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Page 39
Page 40 Cite
Suggested Citation: "2 Exploring the Evidence for Characterizing Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Examining Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/29230.
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Page 40
Page 41 Cite
Suggested Citation: "2 Exploring the Evidence for Characterizing Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Examining Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/29230.
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Page 41
Page 42 Cite
Suggested Citation: "2 Exploring the Evidence for Characterizing Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Examining Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/29230.
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Page 42
Page 43 Cite
Suggested Citation: "2 Exploring the Evidence for Characterizing Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Examining Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/29230.
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Page 43
Page 44 Cite
Suggested Citation: "2 Exploring the Evidence for Characterizing Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Examining Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/29230.
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Page 45 Cite
Suggested Citation: "2 Exploring the Evidence for Characterizing Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Examining Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/29230.
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Page 46 Cite
Suggested Citation: "2 Exploring the Evidence for Characterizing Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Examining Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/29230.
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Page 46
Page 47 Cite
Suggested Citation: "2 Exploring the Evidence for Characterizing Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Examining Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/29230.
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Page 47
Page 48 Cite
Suggested Citation: "2 Exploring the Evidence for Characterizing Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Examining Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/29230.
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Page 49 Cite
Suggested Citation: "2 Exploring the Evidence for Characterizing Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Examining Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/29230.
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Page 50 Cite
Suggested Citation: "2 Exploring the Evidence for Characterizing Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Examining Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/29230.
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Page 51 Cite
Suggested Citation: "2 Exploring the Evidence for Characterizing Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Examining Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/29230.
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Page 52 Cite
Suggested Citation: "2 Exploring the Evidence for Characterizing Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Examining Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/29230.
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Next Chapter: 3 Examining Rehabilitative Care and Specialized Services for People Living with Lasting Effects of TBI
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