Foundation Models for Scientific Discovery and Innovation: Opportunities Across the Department of Energy and the Scientific Enterprise (2025)
Chapter: Appendix C: Acronyms and Abbreviations
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix C: Acronyms and Abbreviations." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Foundation Models for Scientific Discovery and Innovation: Opportunities Across the Department of Energy and the Scientific Enterprise. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29212.
C
Acronyms and Abbreviations
| AI | artificial intelligence |
| AM | advanced manufacturing |
| ASCR | Advanced Scientific Computing Research |
| DOE | Department of Energy |
| ECP | Exascale Computing Project |
| FFRDC | federally funded research and development center |
| FNO | Fourier neural operator |
| GPT | generative pretrained transformer |
| HPC | high-performance computing |
| LDRD | laboratory-directed research and development |
| LLM | large language model |
| LLNL | Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory |
| MoE | mixture-of-experts |
| NNSA | National Nuclear Security Administration |
| NREL | National Renewable Energy Laboratory |
| PDE | partial differential equations |
| PNNL | Pacific Northwest National Laboratory |
Suggested Citation:
"Appendix C: Acronyms and Abbreviations." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Foundation Models for Scientific Discovery and Innovation: Opportunities Across the Department of Energy and the Scientific Enterprise. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29212.
| RAG | retrieval-augmented generation |
| SSP | U.S. Stockpile Stewardship Program |
| VVUQ | verification, validation, and uncertainty qualification |
Suggested Citation:
"Appendix C: Acronyms and Abbreviations." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Foundation Models for Scientific Discovery and Innovation: Opportunities Across the Department of Energy and the Scientific Enterprise. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29212.
Suggested Citation:
"Appendix C: Acronyms and Abbreviations." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Foundation Models for Scientific Discovery and Innovation: Opportunities Across the Department of Energy and the Scientific Enterprise. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29212.
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