| ABCT | Armored Brigade Combat Team |
| ACE | Advanced Combat Engine |
| ACT | Advanced Combat Transmission |
| AECP | All Electric Combat Powertrain |
| AISG | APD Integrated Starter/Generator |
| AMEP | Advanced Mobility Experimental Prototype |
| AMMPS | Advanced Medium Mobile Power Source |
| APD | Advanced Powertrain Demonstrator |
| APOP | Advanced Propulsion with On-board Power |
| APU | auxiliary power unit |
| ARL | Army Research Laboratory |
| ARPA-E | Advanced Research Projects Agency–Energy |
| ATJ | alcohol-to-jet |
| ATM(S) | Advanced Thermal Management (System) |
| ATTAM | Advanced Turbine Technologies for Affordable Mission-Capability |
| BEV | battery electric vehicle; all-battery electric vehicle |
| BOARD | Board on Army Research and Development |
| BOP | balance of the plant |
| CAD | computer-aided design |
| CASCOM | Combined Arms Support Command |
| CNG | compressed natural gas |
| DASA(RT) | Deputy Assistant Secretary of the Army for Research and Technology |
| DF1 | diesel fuel 1 |
| DoD | Department of Defense |
| DOE | Department of Energy |
| DPGDS | Deployable Power Generation and Distribution System |
| EC | electrochemical capacitor |
| EDLC | electrolytic double-layer capacitor |
| EIO | Energy-Informed Operations |
| EV | electric vehicle |
| FOB | forward operating base |
| FY | fiscal year |
| GCI | gasoline compression ignition |
| GVSC | (U.S. Army DEVCOM) Ground Vehicle Systems Center |
| HMMWV | High Mobility Multipurpose Wheeled Vehicle (i.e. “Humvee”) |
| ICE | internal combustion engine |
| IoT | Internet of Things |
| ISG | Integrated Starter Generator |
| JCESR | Joint Center for Energy Storage Research |
| JLTV | Joint Light Tactical Vehicle |
| JP8 | Jet Propellant 8 |
| LNG | liquefied natural gas |
| LSCF | lanthanum strontium cobalt ferrite |
| LW | Land Warrior |
| MANET | mobile ad hoc network |
| MDO | multi-domain operations |
| MEPS | Mobile Electric Power Solution |
| MMC | metal matrix composite |
| MNR | micro nuclear reactor or modular nuclear reactor |
| MOF | metal-organic frameworks |
| MOTS | military on-the-shelf |
| MUTT | Multi-Utility Tactical Transport |
| NATO | North Atlantic Treaty Organization |
| NSRL | Network Science Research Laboratory |
| OPLOG | Operational Logistics |
| P&E | power and energy |
| PEM | proton exchange membrane |
| PFTE | polytetrafluoroethylene |
| PPU | Prime Power Unit |
| PV | photovoltaic |
| RCV | robotic combat vehicle |
| RDECOM | U.S. Army Research, Development, and Engineering Command |
| RTG | radioisotope thermoelectric generator |
| SiRPA | silica-reinforced porous, anodized aluminum |
| SMET | small multi-purpose equipment transport |
| SOFC | solid oxide fuel cell |
| SSP | soldier silent power |
| STAMP | Secure Tactical Advanced Mobile Power |
| TBC | thermal barrier coating |
| TESU | Tactical Energy Storage Unit |
| TIG | Transmission Integrated Generator |
| TMS | Tactical Microgrid Standard |
| TPV | thermophotovoltaic |
| TRISO | tri-structural isotropic |
| TVEK | (U.S. Army) Tactical Vehicle Electrification Kit |
| UAV | unmanned aerial vehicle |
| UGV | unmanned ground vehicle |
| USD(AT&L) | Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition, Technology, and Logistics |
| VEA | Vehicle Electric Architecture |
| VMD | Vehicle Mobile Demonstrator |
| YSZ | yttria-stabilized zirconia |