Previous Chapter: 1 Climate Change Challenges
Suggested Citation: "2 Climate, Ecology, and Infectious Disease." Institute of Medicine. 2008. Global Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events: Understanding the Contributions to Infectious Disease Emergence: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12435.
Page 104
Suggested Citation: "2 Climate, Ecology, and Infectious Disease." Institute of Medicine. 2008. Global Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events: Understanding the Contributions to Infectious Disease Emergence: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12435.
Page 105
Suggested Citation: "2 Climate, Ecology, and Infectious Disease." Institute of Medicine. 2008. Global Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events: Understanding the Contributions to Infectious Disease Emergence: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12435.
Page 106
Suggested Citation: "2 Climate, Ecology, and Infectious Disease." Institute of Medicine. 2008. Global Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events: Understanding the Contributions to Infectious Disease Emergence: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12435.
Page 107
Suggested Citation: "2 Climate, Ecology, and Infectious Disease." Institute of Medicine. 2008. Global Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events: Understanding the Contributions to Infectious Disease Emergence: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12435.
Page 108
Suggested Citation: "2 Climate, Ecology, and Infectious Disease." Institute of Medicine. 2008. Global Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events: Understanding the Contributions to Infectious Disease Emergence: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12435.
Page 109
Suggested Citation: "2 Climate, Ecology, and Infectious Disease." Institute of Medicine. 2008. Global Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events: Understanding the Contributions to Infectious Disease Emergence: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12435.
Page 110
Suggested Citation: "2 Climate, Ecology, and Infectious Disease." Institute of Medicine. 2008. Global Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events: Understanding the Contributions to Infectious Disease Emergence: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12435.
Page 111
Suggested Citation: "2 Climate, Ecology, and Infectious Disease." Institute of Medicine. 2008. Global Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events: Understanding the Contributions to Infectious Disease Emergence: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12435.
Page 112
Suggested Citation: "2 Climate, Ecology, and Infectious Disease." Institute of Medicine. 2008. Global Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events: Understanding the Contributions to Infectious Disease Emergence: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12435.
Page 113
Suggested Citation: "2 Climate, Ecology, and Infectious Disease." Institute of Medicine. 2008. Global Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events: Understanding the Contributions to Infectious Disease Emergence: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12435.
Page 114
Suggested Citation: "2 Climate, Ecology, and Infectious Disease." Institute of Medicine. 2008. Global Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events: Understanding the Contributions to Infectious Disease Emergence: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12435.
Page 115
Suggested Citation: "2 Climate, Ecology, and Infectious Disease." Institute of Medicine. 2008. Global Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events: Understanding the Contributions to Infectious Disease Emergence: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12435.
Page 116
Suggested Citation: "2 Climate, Ecology, and Infectious Disease." Institute of Medicine. 2008. Global Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events: Understanding the Contributions to Infectious Disease Emergence: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12435.
Page 117
Suggested Citation: "2 Climate, Ecology, and Infectious Disease." Institute of Medicine. 2008. Global Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events: Understanding the Contributions to Infectious Disease Emergence: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12435.
Page 118
Suggested Citation: "2 Climate, Ecology, and Infectious Disease." Institute of Medicine. 2008. Global Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events: Understanding the Contributions to Infectious Disease Emergence: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12435.
Page 119
Suggested Citation: "2 Climate, Ecology, and Infectious Disease." Institute of Medicine. 2008. Global Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events: Understanding the Contributions to Infectious Disease Emergence: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12435.
Page 120
Suggested Citation: "2 Climate, Ecology, and Infectious Disease." Institute of Medicine. 2008. Global Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events: Understanding the Contributions to Infectious Disease Emergence: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12435.
Page 121
Suggested Citation: "2 Climate, Ecology, and Infectious Disease." Institute of Medicine. 2008. Global Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events: Understanding the Contributions to Infectious Disease Emergence: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12435.
Page 122
Suggested Citation: "2 Climate, Ecology, and Infectious Disease." Institute of Medicine. 2008. Global Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events: Understanding the Contributions to Infectious Disease Emergence: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12435.
Page 123
Suggested Citation: "2 Climate, Ecology, and Infectious Disease." Institute of Medicine. 2008. Global Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events: Understanding the Contributions to Infectious Disease Emergence: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12435.
Page 124
Suggested Citation: "2 Climate, Ecology, and Infectious Disease." Institute of Medicine. 2008. Global Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events: Understanding the Contributions to Infectious Disease Emergence: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12435.
Page 125
Suggested Citation: "2 Climate, Ecology, and Infectious Disease." Institute of Medicine. 2008. Global Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events: Understanding the Contributions to Infectious Disease Emergence: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12435.
Page 126
Suggested Citation: "2 Climate, Ecology, and Infectious Disease." Institute of Medicine. 2008. Global Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events: Understanding the Contributions to Infectious Disease Emergence: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12435.
Page 127
Suggested Citation: "2 Climate, Ecology, and Infectious Disease." Institute of Medicine. 2008. Global Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events: Understanding the Contributions to Infectious Disease Emergence: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12435.
Page 128
Suggested Citation: "2 Climate, Ecology, and Infectious Disease." Institute of Medicine. 2008. Global Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events: Understanding the Contributions to Infectious Disease Emergence: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12435.
Page 129
Suggested Citation: "2 Climate, Ecology, and Infectious Disease." Institute of Medicine. 2008. Global Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events: Understanding the Contributions to Infectious Disease Emergence: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12435.
Page 130
Suggested Citation: "2 Climate, Ecology, and Infectious Disease." Institute of Medicine. 2008. Global Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events: Understanding the Contributions to Infectious Disease Emergence: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12435.
Page 131
Suggested Citation: "2 Climate, Ecology, and Infectious Disease." Institute of Medicine. 2008. Global Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events: Understanding the Contributions to Infectious Disease Emergence: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12435.
Page 132
Suggested Citation: "2 Climate, Ecology, and Infectious Disease." Institute of Medicine. 2008. Global Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events: Understanding the Contributions to Infectious Disease Emergence: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12435.
Page 133
Suggested Citation: "2 Climate, Ecology, and Infectious Disease." Institute of Medicine. 2008. Global Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events: Understanding the Contributions to Infectious Disease Emergence: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12435.
Page 134
Suggested Citation: "2 Climate, Ecology, and Infectious Disease." Institute of Medicine. 2008. Global Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events: Understanding the Contributions to Infectious Disease Emergence: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12435.
Page 135
Suggested Citation: "2 Climate, Ecology, and Infectious Disease." Institute of Medicine. 2008. Global Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events: Understanding the Contributions to Infectious Disease Emergence: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12435.
Page 136
Suggested Citation: "2 Climate, Ecology, and Infectious Disease." Institute of Medicine. 2008. Global Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events: Understanding the Contributions to Infectious Disease Emergence: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12435.
Page 137
Suggested Citation: "2 Climate, Ecology, and Infectious Disease." Institute of Medicine. 2008. Global Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events: Understanding the Contributions to Infectious Disease Emergence: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12435.
Page 138
Suggested Citation: "2 Climate, Ecology, and Infectious Disease." Institute of Medicine. 2008. Global Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events: Understanding the Contributions to Infectious Disease Emergence: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12435.
Page 139
Suggested Citation: "2 Climate, Ecology, and Infectious Disease." Institute of Medicine. 2008. Global Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events: Understanding the Contributions to Infectious Disease Emergence: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12435.
Page 140
Suggested Citation: "2 Climate, Ecology, and Infectious Disease." Institute of Medicine. 2008. Global Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events: Understanding the Contributions to Infectious Disease Emergence: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12435.
Page 141
Suggested Citation: "2 Climate, Ecology, and Infectious Disease." Institute of Medicine. 2008. Global Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events: Understanding the Contributions to Infectious Disease Emergence: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12435.
Page 142
Suggested Citation: "2 Climate, Ecology, and Infectious Disease." Institute of Medicine. 2008. Global Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events: Understanding the Contributions to Infectious Disease Emergence: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12435.
Page 143
Suggested Citation: "2 Climate, Ecology, and Infectious Disease." Institute of Medicine. 2008. Global Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events: Understanding the Contributions to Infectious Disease Emergence: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12435.
Page 144
Suggested Citation: "2 Climate, Ecology, and Infectious Disease." Institute of Medicine. 2008. Global Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events: Understanding the Contributions to Infectious Disease Emergence: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12435.
Page 145
Suggested Citation: "2 Climate, Ecology, and Infectious Disease." Institute of Medicine. 2008. Global Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events: Understanding the Contributions to Infectious Disease Emergence: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12435.
Page 146
Suggested Citation: "2 Climate, Ecology, and Infectious Disease." Institute of Medicine. 2008. Global Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events: Understanding the Contributions to Infectious Disease Emergence: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12435.
Page 147
Suggested Citation: "2 Climate, Ecology, and Infectious Disease." Institute of Medicine. 2008. Global Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events: Understanding the Contributions to Infectious Disease Emergence: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12435.
Page 148
Suggested Citation: "2 Climate, Ecology, and Infectious Disease." Institute of Medicine. 2008. Global Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events: Understanding the Contributions to Infectious Disease Emergence: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12435.
Page 149
Suggested Citation: "2 Climate, Ecology, and Infectious Disease." Institute of Medicine. 2008. Global Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events: Understanding the Contributions to Infectious Disease Emergence: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12435.
Page 150
Suggested Citation: "2 Climate, Ecology, and Infectious Disease." Institute of Medicine. 2008. Global Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events: Understanding the Contributions to Infectious Disease Emergence: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12435.
Page 151
Suggested Citation: "2 Climate, Ecology, and Infectious Disease." Institute of Medicine. 2008. Global Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events: Understanding the Contributions to Infectious Disease Emergence: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12435.
Page 152
Suggested Citation: "2 Climate, Ecology, and Infectious Disease." Institute of Medicine. 2008. Global Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events: Understanding the Contributions to Infectious Disease Emergence: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12435.
Page 153
Suggested Citation: "2 Climate, Ecology, and Infectious Disease." Institute of Medicine. 2008. Global Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events: Understanding the Contributions to Infectious Disease Emergence: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12435.
Page 154
Suggested Citation: "2 Climate, Ecology, and Infectious Disease." Institute of Medicine. 2008. Global Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events: Understanding the Contributions to Infectious Disease Emergence: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12435.
Page 155
Suggested Citation: "2 Climate, Ecology, and Infectious Disease." Institute of Medicine. 2008. Global Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events: Understanding the Contributions to Infectious Disease Emergence: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12435.
Page 156
Suggested Citation: "2 Climate, Ecology, and Infectious Disease." Institute of Medicine. 2008. Global Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events: Understanding the Contributions to Infectious Disease Emergence: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12435.
Page 157
Suggested Citation: "2 Climate, Ecology, and Infectious Disease." Institute of Medicine. 2008. Global Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events: Understanding the Contributions to Infectious Disease Emergence: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12435.
Page 158
Suggested Citation: "2 Climate, Ecology, and Infectious Disease." Institute of Medicine. 2008. Global Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events: Understanding the Contributions to Infectious Disease Emergence: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12435.
Page 159
Suggested Citation: "2 Climate, Ecology, and Infectious Disease." Institute of Medicine. 2008. Global Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events: Understanding the Contributions to Infectious Disease Emergence: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12435.
Page 160
Suggested Citation: "2 Climate, Ecology, and Infectious Disease." Institute of Medicine. 2008. Global Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events: Understanding the Contributions to Infectious Disease Emergence: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12435.
Page 161
Suggested Citation: "2 Climate, Ecology, and Infectious Disease." Institute of Medicine. 2008. Global Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events: Understanding the Contributions to Infectious Disease Emergence: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12435.
Page 162
Suggested Citation: "2 Climate, Ecology, and Infectious Disease." Institute of Medicine. 2008. Global Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events: Understanding the Contributions to Infectious Disease Emergence: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12435.
Page 163
Suggested Citation: "2 Climate, Ecology, and Infectious Disease." Institute of Medicine. 2008. Global Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events: Understanding the Contributions to Infectious Disease Emergence: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12435.
Page 164
Suggested Citation: "2 Climate, Ecology, and Infectious Disease." Institute of Medicine. 2008. Global Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events: Understanding the Contributions to Infectious Disease Emergence: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12435.
Page 165
Suggested Citation: "2 Climate, Ecology, and Infectious Disease." Institute of Medicine. 2008. Global Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events: Understanding the Contributions to Infectious Disease Emergence: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12435.
Page 166
Suggested Citation: "2 Climate, Ecology, and Infectious Disease." Institute of Medicine. 2008. Global Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events: Understanding the Contributions to Infectious Disease Emergence: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12435.
Page 167
Suggested Citation: "2 Climate, Ecology, and Infectious Disease." Institute of Medicine. 2008. Global Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events: Understanding the Contributions to Infectious Disease Emergence: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12435.
Page 168
Suggested Citation: "2 Climate, Ecology, and Infectious Disease." Institute of Medicine. 2008. Global Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events: Understanding the Contributions to Infectious Disease Emergence: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12435.
Page 169
Suggested Citation: "2 Climate, Ecology, and Infectious Disease." Institute of Medicine. 2008. Global Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events: Understanding the Contributions to Infectious Disease Emergence: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12435.
Page 170
Suggested Citation: "2 Climate, Ecology, and Infectious Disease." Institute of Medicine. 2008. Global Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events: Understanding the Contributions to Infectious Disease Emergence: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12435.
Page 171
Suggested Citation: "2 Climate, Ecology, and Infectious Disease." Institute of Medicine. 2008. Global Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events: Understanding the Contributions to Infectious Disease Emergence: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12435.
Page 172
Suggested Citation: "2 Climate, Ecology, and Infectious Disease." Institute of Medicine. 2008. Global Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events: Understanding the Contributions to Infectious Disease Emergence: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12435.
Page 173
Suggested Citation: "2 Climate, Ecology, and Infectious Disease." Institute of Medicine. 2008. Global Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events: Understanding the Contributions to Infectious Disease Emergence: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12435.
Page 174
Suggested Citation: "2 Climate, Ecology, and Infectious Disease." Institute of Medicine. 2008. Global Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events: Understanding the Contributions to Infectious Disease Emergence: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12435.
Page 175
Suggested Citation: "2 Climate, Ecology, and Infectious Disease." Institute of Medicine. 2008. Global Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events: Understanding the Contributions to Infectious Disease Emergence: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12435.
Page 176
Suggested Citation: "2 Climate, Ecology, and Infectious Disease." Institute of Medicine. 2008. Global Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events: Understanding the Contributions to Infectious Disease Emergence: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12435.
Page 177
Suggested Citation: "2 Climate, Ecology, and Infectious Disease." Institute of Medicine. 2008. Global Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events: Understanding the Contributions to Infectious Disease Emergence: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12435.
Page 178
Next Chapter: 3 Historical, Scientific, and Technological Approaches to Studying the Climate-Disease Connection
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