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Committee and Staff Biographical Sketches

Donald M. Berwick, M.D., M.P.P., FRCP, KBE (Cochair), is president emeritus and a senior fellow at the Institute for Healthcare Improvement (IHI), an organization he cofounded and led as president and chief executive officer for 19 years. Dr. Berwick is one of the nation’s leading authorities on health care quality and improvement. In July 2010, President Obama appointed Dr. Berwick to the position of administrator of the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, a position that he held until December 2011. A pediatrician by background, Dr. Berwick has served as a clinical professor of pediatrics and health care policy at the Harvard Medical School, professor of health policy and management at the Harvard School of Public Health, and as a member of the staffs of Boston’s Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, and the Brigham and Women’s Hospital. He has also served as vice chair of the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force, the first “independent member” of the board of trustees of the American Hospital Association, and chair of the National Advisory Council of the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. He is a member of the board of directors for Virta Health and NRC Health, on the uncompensated advisory committee for Civica Rx, and formerly on the board of directors for LumiraDx.

He is an elected member of the American Philosophical Society, the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, and the National Academy of Medicine (NAM). Dr. Berwick served two terms on the NAM’s governing council, was a member of the NAM’s Global Health Board, and currently chairs the NAM Board on Health Care Services. He served on President Clinton’s Advisory Commission on Consumer Protection and Quality in

the Healthcare Industry. His numerous awards include the 2007 William B. Graham Prize for Health Services Research, the 2006 John M. Eisenberg Patient Safety and Quality Award, and the 2007 Heinz Award for Public Policy. In 2005, he was appointed Honourary Knight Commander of the British Empire by Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II, the highest honor in the UK for non-UK citizens. He is the author or coauthor of over 200 scientific articles and six books. He received his M.D. from Harvard Medical School and M.P.P. from Harvard Kennedy School.

Ellen MacKenzie, Ph.D., Sc.M. (Cochair), is the 11th dean of the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health and a Bloomberg Distinguished Professor. Before becoming dean, Dr. MacKenzie held several leadership positions in the school, most recently as the chair of the School of Public Health’s Department of Health Policy and Management. A leading injury prevention and trauma systems expert, Dr. MacKenzie helped shape the field of trauma services and outcomes research. She founded the Major Extremity Trauma Research Consortium, a collaboration of more than 50 U.S. trauma centers and military treatment facilities dedicated to interdisciplinary trials to define best practices for the care of civilian and military trauma patients. Dr. MacKenzie has distinguished herself as an academic leader, always pushing the boundaries of innovative research and the application of that research to programs and policies that make a difference. She sits on the advisory board of the Association of Schools and Programs of Public Health that issues position statements regarding support for increased federal funding across a range of issues in public health.

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention named Dr. MacKenzie one of 20 leaders and visionaries who have had a transformative effect on the field of violence and injury prevention in the past 20 years. She has also received distinguished career awards from the American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons, the American Heart Association and the American Stroke Association, the American Trauma Society, and the American Public Health Association (Injury Control Section). In 2018 she was elected a member of the National Academy of Medicine.

Dr. MacKenzie has served on several National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (National Academies) National Research Council committees, most recently on the National Academies Committee on Accelerating Progress in Traumatic Brain Injury Care and Research.

Stacey Adam, Ph.D., is a vice president at the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health (FNIH), leading many public–private partnerships, such as Accelerating COVID-19 Therapeutic Interventions and Vaccines, the Biomarkers Consortium (Cancer and Metabolic Disorders Steering Committees) and their projects, Accelerating Medicines Partnerships–Common

Metabolic Diseases and Heart Failure, Pediatric Medical Devices public–private partnership, Partnership for Accelerating Cancer Therapies, and the Lung Master Protocol clinical trial.

Prior to her time at FNIH, Dr. Adam was a manager at Deloitte Consulting in the federal life sciences and health care strategy practice, where she supported many federal and nonprofit client projects. Before Deloitte, Dr. Adam conducted her postdoctoral fellowship at the Stanford University School of Medicine, where she was both a National Institutes of Health (NIH)– and an American Cancer Society–supported fellow, and she earned her Ph.D. in pharmacology with a certificate in mammalian toxicology from Duke University. She did her B.S. in medical technology/clinical laboratory science from University of Nebraska Medical Center and graduated summa cum laude.

Dr. Adam is a member of the American Association of Cancer Research and the American Society of Clinical Oncology. She received the NIH Directors Award four times between 2020 and 2022 for her work on the partnerships with NIH.

Maria Elena Bottazzi, Ph.D., is the senior associate dean of the National School of Tropical Medicine, the division chief of pediatric tropical medicine, a professor of pediatrics and molecular virology and microbiology, and the codirector of Texas Children’s Center for Vaccine Development at Baylor College of Medicine in Houston. She is an internationally recognized tropical and emerging disease vaccinologist, pioneering and leading innovative partnerships for vaccine development to advance a robust infectious and tropical disease vaccine portfolio. Dr. Bottazzi tackles high-burden, neglected, and emerging diseases such as coronavirus, hookworm, schistosomiasis, and Chagas disease, all diseases that disproportionally affect the world’s poorest populations.

Dr. Bottazzi is the cocreator of an open-source COVID-19 vaccine technology that led to the development of Corbevax in India and Halal-certified IndoVac in Indonesia. As a global thought leader, she has received national and international highly regarded awards including the 2023 Vilcek-Gold Award for Humanism in Healthcare and the 2023 Holocaust Museum Houston LBJ Moral Courage Award. She was part of the team that received the 2023 David and Beatrix Hamburg Award for Advances in Biomedical Research and Clinical Medicine of the National Academy of Medicine. Dr. Bottazzi was named by Forbes Latin America as one of 2022’s 100 Most Powerful Women in Central America and as a 2022 Great Immigrant, Great American Honoree of the Carnegie Corporation of New York. In 2022, alongside Dr. Peter Hotez, she was nominated by Texas Congresswoman Lizzie Fletcher for the Nobel Peace Prize. Dr. Bottazzi is a former National Academy of Medicine Emerging Leader in Health and Medicine Scholar.

In 2019 she was member of the ad hoc consensus committee for the report Stronger Food and Drug Regulatory Systems Abroad, and in 2021 she was a member of consensus study committee that produced the report Vaccine Research and Development to Advance Pandemic and Seasonal Influenza Vaccine Preparedness and Response. She is a member of a technical advisory group for Access to Advanced Health Institute and of the boards of directors for the One Health Research Foundation, Houston Shoulder to Shoulder Foundation, and Consortium of Universities for Global Health.

Dr. Bottazzi obtained her bachelor’s degree in microbiology and clinical chemistry from the National Autonomous University of Honduras and a doctorate in molecular immunology and experimental pathology from the University of Florida. Her postdoctoral training in cellular biology was completed at University of Miami and the University of Pennsylvania.

Macarius Mwinisungee Donneyong, M.P.H., Ph.D., is an associate professor at The Ohio State University (OSU) with joint appointments in the colleges of pharmacy and of public health. Prior to joining OSU, Dr. Donneyong was a research specialist at the Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacoeconomics at the Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School.

A trained epidemiologist and an expert in pharmacoepidemiology, Dr. Donneyong’s background and research interests are in generating real-world evidence of therapeutic products. In particular, he focuses on measuring and understanding how multilevel factors at the individual patient, health care system, and community levels interact to drive racial and ethnic disparities in the use and acceptability of prescribed medications in real-world settings. This line of research has been focused on racial and ethnic disparities in cardiovascular diseases and mental health, especially depression care. Dr. Donneyong is renowned for innovative research that applies data mining techniques to address drug–drug interactions among older patient populations, among whom polypharmacy is the highest. Based on these lines of research, Dr. Donneyong believes that polypills could be the silver bullet to addressing both medication nonadherence and adverse drug–drug interactions caused by polypharmacy.

Dr. Donneyong has been the recipient of several prestigious federal research grants and is a respected figure in the academic community. His expertise has been sought after at various national and international avenues including providing subject matter expertise to policy makers and regulators such as the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). He is coauthor of the recent FDA report, External Review of FDA Regulation of Opioid Analgesics. Dr. Donneyong also serves as a panel member of National Institutes of Health aging, immunology, musculoskeletal and rheumatoid diseases study section and as an ad hoc scientist reviewer for the

Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute. Dr. Donneyong is a fellow of both the American College of Epidemiology (ACE) and the International Society of Pharmacoepidemiology. He is a past member of the board of directors of ACE. He received his M.P.H. from Missouri State University and his Ph.D. in epidemiology with a minor in biostatistics from the University of Louisville.

Stacie B. Dusetzina, Ph.D., is a professor of health policy and an Ingram Professor of cancer research at Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Department of Health Policy. She is a health services researcher focusing on the intersection among health policy, epidemiology, and economics related to prescription drugs. Dr. Dusetzina received her Ph.D. in pharmaceutical sciences from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in 2010 and completed postdoctoral training at the Department of Health Care Policy at Harvard Medical School in 2012. Relevant to the proposed work, prior to graduate training Dr. Dusetzina spent several years working in a contract research organization supporting industry-funded clinical trials, including multiple new drug applications. Her Ph.D. training in pharmaceutical science was obtained from the University of North Carolina Eshelman School of Pharmacy, an academic institution with substantial experience engaging in early-stage discovery and drug development.

Dr. Dusetzina’s work has contributed to the evidence base for the role of drug costs and coverage on patient access to care, with a specific focus on access to high-priced drugs and those for rare disease. She has been recognized for her work at a national level, including coauthoring a National Academies of Medicine report, Making Medicines Affordable, advising congressional committees and multiple government agencies on prescription drug legislation, and being selected to serve on the Medicare Payment Advisory Commission in 2021. Her work on access to high-priced medications for Medicare beneficiaries was used by the White House and President Biden when promoting and passing the Inflation Reduction Act in 2022. She currently serves as an advisory member for the Institute for Clinical and Economic Review Midwest Comparative Effectiveness Public Advisory Council and on the Medicare Payment Advisory Commission.

Holly Fernandez Lynch, J.D., M.B.E., is an associate professor of medical ethics and law at the University of Pennsylvania. She pursues conceptual and empirical scholarship regarding clinical research ethics and regulation, access to investigational medicines, and Food and Drug Administration pharmaceutical policy, especially approaches to drug development and early access and approval pathways for diseases with unmet treatment needs. She is an expert on priority setting decisions around allocating research resources at the site level, as well as ethical challenges arising in innovative research.

Dr. Fernandez Lynch is a nationally recognized leader at the intersection of bioethics and policy, regularly engaging with patient advocacy organizations, policy makers, and institutional stakeholders. She is a board member of Public Responsibility in Medicine & Research (PRIM&R) and board president-elect of the American Society for Law, Medicine, and Ethics. She was a Greenwall Faculty Scholar from 2019 to 2022, received the inaugural Baruch A. Brody Bioethics Award in 2020, was elected a fellow of the Hastings Center in 2021, and was selected as a National Academy of Medicine Emerging Leader in Health and Medicine in 2022. From 2023 to 2024, she served as a member of the National Academies ad hoc committee Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: Accelerating Treatments and Improving Quality of Life. She is the founder and cochair of the Consortium to Advance Effective Research Ethics Oversight and is a member of the New York University Working Group on Compassionate Use and Preapproval Access.

Dr. Fernandez Lynch has previously worked as an attorney in private practice, representing pharmaceutical clients in regulatory matters. She was also a bioethicist serving in the Human Subject Protection Branch at the National Institutes of Health’s Division of AIDS and a senior policy analyst with President Obama’s Commission for the Study of Bioethical Issues. From 2012 to 2017 she served as the executive director of Harvard Law School’s bioethics and health law research program at the Petrie-Flom Center. She earned graduate degrees in law and bioethics at the University of Pennsylvania.

Howard Scott Howell, M.D., M.B.A., is a health care and life sciences advisor (Blue Line Advisors, LLC), teacher (University of California, Berkeley, and Ohio State University), and cofounder (Synapse Sciences, a U.S.-based biotechnology research association). He began his career as a general internist and became interested in the business and regulation of health care. He returned to school to get an M.B.A. and transitioned into health services administration in academic group practice and then health insurance. Dr. Howell went on to work in the life sciences industries, including at several pharmaceutical companies—GlaxoSmithKline, Jazz Pharmaceuticals, Genentech, and Novartis—retiring as U.S. chief strategy officer of Novartis Pharmaceuticals in May 2022. Dr. Howell joined Novartis in 2017 as vice president and head of U.S. market access, where he was responsible for pricing and contracting, channel management, managed care, hospital systems of care, and patient and specialty services. He also led an initiative at Novartis to employ value-based contracting for medicines, linking pricing and reimbursement rates to specific patient outcomes. He previously consulted for Jazz Pharmaceuticals and FliptRx. He volunteers on the research advisory board of Nationwide Children’s Hospital. Dr. Howell has deep expertise in strategic investment and U.S. drug pricing and access; has been

teaching, researching, and writing about related topics for many years; and currently cohosts the podcast Prescription for Better Access. Dr. Howell completed his B.S. at the University of Notre Dame, his M.D. at Ohio State University, an internship and residency at Duke University, and an M.B.A. at Duke University.

Mark Olfson, M.D., M.P.H., is the Elizabeth K Dollard Professor of Psychiatry, Medicine, and Law in the Department of Psychiatry at Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons and a professor of epidemiology at the Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health. He is also a research psychiatrist at New York State Psychiatric Institute. Dr. Olfson’s research characterizes national patterns in behavioral health service use, identifies critical gaps between clinical science and practice, and illuminates challenges faced by neglected patient populations including widespread problems in quality of care and inadequate treatment response. Through innovative and influential studies, sensitive to social influences, his research has advanced the understanding of unmet mental health needs and the needs of clinical practice. These studies serve as a foundation for improving treatment access and evaluating the quality, effectiveness, and safety of behavioral health services.

Dr. Olfson graduated from Northwestern University Medical School, completed psychiatric residency training at Yale University, and received a master’s in public health at Columbia. He has received numerous awards, including and the Paul Hoch Award from the America Psychopathological Association and the Senior Scholar Health Services Award from the American Psychiatric Association. He has also contributed to National Academy of Medicine reports on preventing mental, emotional, and behavioral disorders in children and youth and on mental disorders and disabilities among low-income children.

Lisa Larrimore Ouellette, Ph.D., J.D., is the Deane F. Johnson Professor of Law at Stanford University Law School as well as a senior fellow at the Stanford Institute for Economic Policy Research. Her research focuses on intellectual property law and innovation policy, including the patenting of publicly funded research under the Bayh-Dole Act. She has applied these ideas to biomedical innovation challenges including the opioid epidemic, the COVID-19 pandemic, and pharmaceutical prices. She has also authored a free casebook, Patent Law: Cases, Problems, and Materials, which has been adopted at more than 70 law schools. Prior to her appointment at Stanford Law School, Dr. Ouellette clerked on the U.S. Courts of Appeal for both the Federal Circuit and the Second Circuit. She holds a J.D. from Yale Law School, a Ph.D. in physics from Cornell University, and a B.A. in physics from Swarthmore College.

Edith Adaljisa Perez, M.D., is an internationally recognized translational researcher and cancer specialist and a professor emeritus at the Mayo Clinic. She served as the chief medical officer at Bolt Biotherapeutics from 2020 to 2024. As chief medical officer at Bolt, Dr. Perez oversaw regulatory affairs, pharmacovigilance, biostatistics, and medical affairs for the company’s diverse clinical development and early-stage immuno-oncology pipeline. Previously, Dr. Perez was the vice president and head of the bio-oncology medical unit at Genentech, Inc., overseeing all U.S. hematology and oncology medical affairs and, with her team, was involved in leading numerous trials and launching six drugs, including Gazyva, Perjeta, Alecensa, and Tecentriq. Dr. Perez spent the first 20 years of her career at the Mayo Clinic where she was active in teaching, research, and patient care, with a focus in breast cancer and translational biomarkers. She has authored more than 700 peer-reviewed manuscripts and abstracts.

Dr. Perez is on the board of directors for Food Allergy Research Foundation and is a member of the Puerto Rico Science, Technology, and Research Trust; she has been involved in diversity leadership and philanthropic initiatives with the American Society of Clinical Oncology, the American Association for Cancer Research, Stand Up to Cancer, and The DONNA Foundation. She also serves on the editorial boards of multiple academic journals and is a member of the board of directors and the clinical advisory board for Artiva Biotherapeutics.

Dr. Perez earned her M.D. from the University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine in San Juan and completed her residency in internal medicine at the Loma Linda University Medical Center in California. She served as a general internist in the Division of National Health Services Corps in Los Angeles and completed her hematology/oncology fellowship at the University of California, Davis, School of Medicine. Dr. Perez also has pursued leadership, management, and executive development at The Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania and Harvard Kennedy School in Boston. Dr. Perez is board-certified in internal medicine, medical oncology, and hematology.

Kathryn A. Phillips, Ph.D., is professor of health economics and health services research at the University of California, San Francisco. She founded the UCSF Center for Translational and Policy Research on Precision Medicine (TRANSPERS), which is a global leader in translating new technologies and therapies into clinical care and health policy.

Dr. Phillips’s research includes work on how to effectively, efficiently, and equitably implement new technologies and therapies using transdisciplinary approaches and multistakeholder engagement. Dr. Phillips brings expertise in health economics, health policy, therapeutic development, regulatory oversight, and health disparities. She works with industry, venture capital

firms, and governmental boards, with a common thread of focusing on how to align investments in research and commercialization with unmet needs. She serves on the evidence review committee with the California Technology Assessment Forum, Institute for Clinical and Economic Review (ICER), and previously chaired the Global Economics and Evaluation of Clinical Genomics Sequencing Working Group (GEECS), which was supported by Illumina Inc. Dr. Phillips previously served on the governing Board of Directors for GenomeCanada and as an advisor to the FDA, CDC, President’s Council of Advisors on Science and Technology, and White House Office of Science and Technology, as well as several technology/diagnostic/pharma companies, consulting firms, and venture capital firms. In the past 5 years, she provided consulting advisory services (no longer active roles) to Illumina, Roche, Avia, Association of Community Cancer Centers, and Evidera. She serves as an unpaid volunteer on the Scientific Board of Advisors for Bakar Labs is a life science–focused incubator founded by UC Berkeley and QB3, UC’s hub for life science entrepreneurship.

Dr. Phillips is a standing member of the National Academy of Medicine (NAM) Roundtable on Genomic Medicine and Precision Health and has participated in many NAM/National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (National Academies) activities for 25 years, including 11 NAM meetings, most recently as a speaker at the National Academies workshop on “Opportunities and Challenges for the Development and Adoption of Multicancer Detection Tests,” and as a formal speaker at the Roundtable. She has been recognized for her work through lead-authored publications in the highest impact journals that place her in the top 2 percent of authors cited in her field and through service on leading editorial and professional boards, including being named as the founding editor-in-chief of Health Affairs Scholar: Emerging and Global Health Policy.

Dr. Phillips earned her B.A. from the University of Texas Austin, M.P.A. from Harvard University, and Ph.D. from the University of California Berkeley. She has been a Visiting Scholar at the Rockefeller Foundation Bellagio Center, Harvard, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, London School of Economics, and Brocher Foundation (Switzerland).

Joshua A. Salomon, Ph.D., is a professor of health policy at the Stanford University School of Medicine, senior fellow in the Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies, and founding director of the Prevention Policy Modeling Lab. Previously, he served as policy analyst at the World Health Organization and as professor of global health at Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health.

Trained in health policy and decision science, Dr. Salomon leads multidisciplinary research teams dedicated to producing rigorous, actionable evidence to improve the public’s health and reduce health disparities. He

has coauthored more than 300 original peer-reviewed research articles and mentored dozens of graduate and postgraduate trainees in health policy, medicine and public health.

His work—supported by the National Institutes of Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation—combines data synthesis and mathematical modeling to measure and forecast health outcomes and evaluate public health programs, strategies, and investments. Dr. Salomon has spearheaded methodological innovation in measurement and valuation of population health and disease burden, infectious and chronic disease modeling and forecasting, and cost-effectiveness analysis. His applied modeling work on HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, viral hepatitis, chronic kidney disease, diabetes, COVID-19, and other major health challenges informs local, state, national, and international policies to improve health and well-being, particularly among underserved populations in the United States and around the world. A major emphasis of his work is on priority setting for health interventions to address unmet population health needs, including assessing the potential health and economic benefits of new and emerging health technologies. Dr. Salomon is a member of the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Scientific Council, which is responsible for scientific oversight and decision making on study methods.

Dr. Salomon is a member of the Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice at the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. He received his Ph.D. in health policy and decision sciences from Harvard University.

David I. Scheer, M.S., is a life science entrepreneur, advisor, and company builder with more than 44 years of experience. He is president of Scheer & Company, Inc., a company that provides corporate strategic and transactional advisory services in the life sciences industry. He currently chairs several boards of privately held life science companies, including for Adela, Inc. (an oncology-focused diagnostics company), Refactor Health (a digital health company), and Apriligen, Inc. (an early-stage pediatric rare disease gene therapy company). Mr. Scheer has previously served in an advisory capacity for many companies as well as for nonprofit research institutions and health care systems involved in research commercialization. He has played a key role as transactionalist, cofounder, and board member/chair for spinoffs from university and corporate research and development. He is currently a cochair of the board of directors for BioCT, member of the Connecticut Bioscience Innovation Advisory Committee, advisor of Wolverine Foundation, and member of the director’s advisory committee for the Rutgers Global Health Institute. For a number of years, he was an advisor to the Rett Syndrome Research Trust. He has volunteered as a chair of strategic advisory to the chief executive officer for the National

Organization for Rare Disorders and has moderated numerous panels for their annual Breakthrough Summit. He has also served as organizer and moderator for rare disease and health tech panels at the Yale Innovation Summit and for the Rare Disease Summit at Jackson Laboratories for Genomic Medicine. He has served as a member of the Center for Biomedical Innovation and technology advisory board at Yale University, and he served on a range of initiatives in the public and global health arenas at the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, including the Harvard Malaria Initiative, the Unfinished Agenda in Infectious Diseases, and an initiative focusing on Cancer in the Developing World with the then-dean, Julio Frenk, and Felicia Knaul. He was a founding member and continues to serve as a member of the New York University Langone Health Compassionate Use and Preapproval Access (CUPA) Working Group.

Mr. Scheer launched his first four companies, all of which saw successful exits, while part of the Health Care Investing Team at Oak Investment Partners. Mr. Scheer was a cofounder of Achillion Pharmaceuticals (acquired by Alexion in 2020, now a unit of AstraZeneca), a publicly held biopharmaceutical company focused on the development and commercialization of small molecule therapeutics for complement-related diseases, and for 21 years he served on its board of directors, including for many years as its chairman of the board. He was also involved in launching, building, and served on the boards of Viropharma (acquired by Shire), OraPharma (acquired by Johnson & Johnson), and Esperion Therapeutics (acquired by Pfizer). He has also launched and served as chair for a variety of other start-ups in the cardiology, neuroscience, ophthalmology, pulmonology, and regenerative medicine arenas. Much of his not-for-profit as well as for-profit activities have been focused on bringing therapies to patients with high unmet needs, including those with rare diseases. He is intricately familiar with the issues that underly successful translation of research into innovation via life science companies. He has given talks at business schools and has moderated and served on a wide range of panels focusing on research commercialization and innovation. Mr. Scheer holds an A.B. degree cum laude in biochemical sciences from Harvard College and an M.S. degree in cellular, molecular, and developmental biology from Yale University.

Wu Zeng, M.D., M.S., Ph.D., is an associate professor at the School of Health at Georgetown University. His research has been centered on health financing, economic evaluation of health interventions (e.g., treatment innovations and technology), and health policy design and evaluation to provide evidence for policy making. He also works on examining health resource flow and allocation to enhance the efficiency of health systems. Dr. Zeng has conducted research in more than 20 countries and has been a senior consultant for many international organizations, including the

World Bank, World Health Organization, the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, and the United Nations Population Fund. He is a member of the International Health Economic Association and has served as an advisor to the ministry of health in several countries. Dr. Zeng received his M.D. degree from Fujian Medical University (China) and holds an M.S. degree in global health policy and a Ph.D. degree in social policy from Brandeis University.

NATIONAL ACADEMY OF MEDICINE FELLOWS

Sanket Dhruva, M.D., M.H.S., is the 2023–2025 Greenwall Fellow in Bioethics at the National Academy of Medicine, an assistant professor of medicine at the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), and a cardiologist at the San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center. His research, clinical, and education interests focus on understanding and strengthening the evidence base for the safe and effective use of drugs and medical devices in diverse populations, with the goal of improving the quality of care and clinical outcomes for patients. He identifies solutions to improve equity in the development and dissemination of these therapies. Dr. Dhruva currently serves on the Medicare Evidence Development & Coverage Advisory Committee and the Institute for Clinical and Economic Review California Technology Assessment Forum. He has authored over 185 peer-reviewed publications and has been funded by the Greenwall Foundation, Department of Veterans Affairs, National Institutes of Health, Food and Drug Administration, National Evaluation System for Health Technology, National Institute for Health Care Management, and Arnold Ventures.

Dr. Dhruva received his B.A. in political science and molecular and cell biology from the University of California, Berkeley. He graduated with an M.D. from UCSF. He completed residency in internal medicine at UCSF and fellowship in cardiovascular medicine at the University of California, Davis. He subsequently completed an M.H.S. at Yale University.

Inmaculada Hernandez, Pharm.D., Ph.D., is a professor at the University of California, San Diego, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences. Dr. Hernandez is a pharmacist and a scholar whose research focuses on improving medication use, outcomes, and equity in access. She has made major contributions to improving transparency in the drug reimbursement system. Dr. Hernandez is a nationally recognized pharmaceutical policy scholar who has made major contributions to improving transparency in the drug pricing and reimbursement system. She was the first to quantify the contribution of innovation versus inflation in the rising trends of drug prices. Dr. Hernandez was recognized on the Forbes 30 under 30 list in

2018, and in 2021 she became the first pharmacist to receive the Academy Health Alice S. Hersh Emerging Leader Award. Dr. Hernandez has pioneered the execution of nationwide person-level geographic information systems analysis to measure inequities in spatial accessibility to the health care infrastructure. This research line commenced in the setting of the COVID-19 pandemic with the development of an app that informed the Pennsylvania Department of Health in the distribution of COVID-19 vaccines to medically underserved areas. Dr. Hernandez has authored over than 100 scientific articles and recently served as the National Academy of Medicine Fellow in Pharmacy.

NATIONAL ACADEMIES STAFF

Alex Helman, Ph.D., is a senior program officer with the Board on Health Sciences Policy at the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (the National Academies). During her time at the National Academies, Dr. Helman has led numerous activities and consensus studies, including Advancing Clinical Research with Pregnant and Lactating Populations, Improving Representation in Clinical Trials and Research: Building Research Equity for Women and Underrepresented Groups, and Promising Practices to Recruit, Retain, and Advance Women in STEMM Disciplines. She also led the prevention and evaluation working groups for the National Academies’ Action Collaborative on Preventing Sexual Harassment in Higher Education. Before joining the National Academies full time, Dr. Helman was as a 2018 Mirzayan Science and Technology Policy Fellow at the National Academies. Prior to her science policy work, Dr. Helman studied vascular contributions to cognitive impairment and dementia in individuals with Down Syndrome. Dr. Helman received her Ph.D. in molecular and cellular biochemistry from the University of Kentucky and her B.S. in biochemistry from Elon University.

Samantha N. Schumm, Ph.D., is a program officer with the Board on Health Sciences Policy at the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (the National Academies). She is codirector of the study Use of Race and Ethnicity in Biomedical Research. At the National Academies, she has also supported a consensus study, Use of Race, Ethnicity, and Ancestry as Population Descriptors in Genomics Research, as well as planned public workshops and led working groups on topics including workforce development and emerging manufacturing technologies in regenerative medicine. Prior to joining the National Academies in 2021, she studied mild traumatic brain injury at the University of Pennsylvania, using a variety of neuroscience techniques. Dr. Schumm developed a novel computational network model of the hippocampus brain region and analyzed emergent complex

behaviors of neuronal networks. Her other interests include writing and promoting effective, inclusive mentorship in the sciences. Dr. Schumm has a Ph.D. in bioengineering from the University of Pennsylvania and a B.S. in biomedical engineering from Yale University.

Andrew March, M.P.H., is a program officer with the Board on Health Sciences Policy of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. Most recently, he served as the codirector for the consensus study, Charting a Path Toward New Treatments for Lyme Infection-Associated Chronic Illnesses. He has led and contributed to consensus studies on diverse topics in health policy, including clinical research with pregnant and lactating populations, medical product supply chains, and dementia care interventions. Before joining the National Academies in 2018, he conducted research on the intersection of maternal and occupational health at the Center for Research in Occupational Health (CiSAL), and worked in the Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Public Health at the Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau. Andrew obtained his M.P.H. at the Universitat Pompeu Fabra and his B.S. degree in Biology and Spanish from Roanoke College.

Aja Drain, B.A., is a research associate on the Board of Health Care Services in the Health and Medicine Division at the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (the National Academies). Prior to her position at the National Academies, she was an award-winning reporter for WAMU/DCist.com and freelanced for National Public Radio (NPR) and Science Friday covering public health and science issues. Before journalism, Ms. Drain conducted research and worked in academic, nonprofit, and industrial organizations throughout her undergraduate career. She has experience in infectious diseases at Washington University School of Medicine, microbiology at Accelerate Diagnostics, HIV/AIDS care at Vivent Health, cancer research at University of Arizona, and diversifying the cancer care workforce at City of Hope. She obtained her B.A. in anthropology: global health and the environment with a minor in biology from Washington University in St. Louis.

Ashley Bologna, M.S., is a research assistant in the Health and Medicine Division at the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (the National Academies). In addition to this study, she worked on projects initiated by the Committee on Personal Protective Equipment for Workplace Safety and Health. This is a standing committee at the National Academies sponsored by the National Personal Protective Technology Laboratory of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health to provide a forum for discussion of scientific and technical issues relevant

to the development, certification, deployment, and use of personal protective equipment, standards, and related systems to ensure workplace safety and health. She graduated in 2022 with her master of science in global health at Georgetown University and earned her bachelor of arts in international relations and a bachelor of arts in political science at Virginia Wesleyan University in 2018.

Sharyl J. Nass, Ph.D., serves as the senior director of the Board on Health Care Services and Director of the National Cancer Policy Forum at the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. To enable the best possible care for all patients, the board undertakes scholarly analysis of the organization, financing, effectiveness, workforce, and delivery of health care, with emphasis on quality, cost, and accessibility. The forum examines policy issues pertaining to the entire continuum of cancer research and care. For more than 2 decades, Dr. Nass has worked on a broad range of health and science policy topics which includes the quality, safety, and equity of health care and clinical trials; developing technologies for precision medicine; and strategies to support clinician well-being. She has a Ph.D. from Georgetown University and undertook postdoctoral training at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine as well as a research fellowship at the Max Planck Institute in Germany. She also holds a B.S. and an M.S. from the University of Wisconsin–Madison. She has been the recipient of the Cecil Medal for Excellence in Health Policy Research, a Distinguished Service Award from the National Academies, and the Institute of Medicine staff team achievement award (as team leader).

Clare Stroud, Ph.D., is the senior board director for the Board on Health Sciences Policy at the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. In this capacity she oversees a program of activities aimed at fostering the basic biomedical and clinical research enterprises; addressing the ethical, legal, and social contexts of scientific and technologic advances related to health; and strengthening the preparedness, resilience, and sustainability of communities. Previously she served as director of the National Academies’ Forum on Neuroscience and Nervous System Disorders, which brings together leaders from government, academia, industry, and nonprofit organizations to discuss key challenges and emerging issues in neuroscience research, development of therapies for nervous system disorders, and related ethical and societal issues. She also led consensus studies and contributed to projects on topics such as pain management, medications for opioid use disorder, traumatic brain injury, preventing cognitive decline and dementia, supporting persons living with dementia and their caregivers, the health and well-being of young adults, and disaster preparedness and response. Dr. Stroud first joined the National Academies as a Mirzayan

Science and Technology Policy Graduate Fellow. She has also been an associate at AmericaSpeaks, a nonprofit organization that engaged citizens in decision making on important public policy issues. Dr. Stroud received her Ph.D. from the University of Maryland, College Park, with research focused on the cognitive neuroscience of language, and her bachelor’s degree from Queen’s University in Canada.