Novel Processes for Advanced Manufacturing: Summary of a Workshop (2013)
Chapter: Front Matter
Novel Processes for
Advanced Manufacturing
SUMMARY OF A WORKSHOP
Maureen Mellody, Rapporteur
Standing Committee on Defense Materials,
Manufacturing and Infrastructure
National Materials and Manufacturing Board
Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences
NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL
OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES
THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS
Washington, D.C.
THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS 500 Fifth Street, NW Washington, DC 20001
NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this workshop summary was approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine.
This study was supported by Contract/Grant No. W911NF-10-C-0098 between the National Academy of Sciences and the Department of Defense. The views presented in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of the organizations or agencies that provided support for this project.
International Standard Book Number-13: 978-0-309-28591-9
International Standard Book Number-10: 0-309-28591-7
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Additional copies of this workshop summary are available for sale from the National Academies Press, 500 Fifth Street, NW, Keck 360, Washington, DC 20001; (800) 624-6242 or (202) 334-3313; http://www.nap.edu/.
Cover: The image depicts the juxtaposition of established industrial processes such as sand-casting of metals. It shows the novel uses of additive manufacturing, which is capable of creating objects of intriguing complexity in many dimensions, voxel by voxel, and represents a case of modernization and rejuvenation, perhaps even a revolution, of established industrial processes. Artist: Erik Svedberg, 3D image generated computationally, pixel by pixel.
Copyright 2013 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
Printed in the United States of America
THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES
Advisers to the Nation on Science, Engineering, and Medicine
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The National Academy of Engineering was established in 1964, under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences, as a parallel organization of outstanding engineers. It is autonomous in its administration and in the selection of its members, sharing with the National Academy of Sciences the responsibility for advising the federal government. The National Academy of Engineering also sponsors engineering programs aimed at meeting national needs, encourages education and research, and recognizes the superior achievements of engineers. Dr. C. D. Mote, Jr., is president of the National Academy of Engineering.
The Institute of Medicine was established in 1970 by the National Academy of Sciences to secure the services of eminent members of appropriate professions in the examination of policy matters pertaining to the health of the public. The Institute acts under the responsibility given to the National Academy of Sciences by its congressional charter to be an adviser to the federal government and, upon its own initiative, to identify issues of medical care, research, and education. Dr. Harvey V. Fineberg is president of the Institute of Medicine.
The National Research Council was organized by the National Academy of Sciences in 1916 to associate the broad community of science and technology with the Academy’s purposes of furthering knowledge and advising the federal government. Functioning in accordance with general policies determined by the Academy, the Council has become the principal operating agency of both the National Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Engineering in providing services to the government, the public, and the scientific and engineering communities. The Council is administered jointly by both Academies and the Institute of Medicine. Dr. Ralph J. Cicerone and Dr. C. D. Mote, Jr., are chair and vice chair, respectively, of the National Research Council.
PLANNING COMMITTEE FOR NEW AND NOVEL PROCESSES THAT ARE ON THE VERGE OF INDUSTRIAL MODERNIZATION: A WORKSHOP
ROBERT E. SCHAFRIK, GE Aviation, Chair
ROSARIO A. GERHARDT, Georgia Institute of Technology
GEORGE T. GRAY III, Los Alamos National Laboratory
ROBERT H. LATIFF, R. Latiff Associates
MICHAEL F. McGRATH, Analytic Services, Inc.
GREGORY B. OLSON, Northwestern University
PRABHJOT SINGH, GE Global Research
SONYA T. SMITH, Howard University
DENISE F. SWINK, Private Consultant
HAYDN N.G. WADLEY, University of Virginia
STANDING COMMITTEE ON DEFENSE MATERIALS, MANUFACTURING AND INFRASTRUCTURE
ROBERT H. LATIFF, R. Latiff Associates, Chair
ROBERT E. SCHAFRIK, GE Aviation, Vice Chair
VALERIE BROWNING, ValTech Solutions, LLC
JESUS M. de la GARZA, Virginia Polytechnic and State University
GEORGE T. GRAY III, Los Alamos National Laboratory
MICHAEL F. McGRATH, Analytic Services, Inc.
E. SARAH SLAUGHTER, Built Environment Coalition
DENISE F. SWINK, Private Consultant
A. GALIP ULSOY, University of Michigan
HAYDN N.G. WADLEY, University of Virginia
STEVEN G. WAX, Private Consultant
Staff
DENNIS I. CHAMOT, Acting Director
ERIK B. SVEDBERG, Senior Program Officer
TERI G. THOROWGOOD, Administrative Coordinator
HEATHER LOZOWSKI, Financial Associate
ANN F. LARROW, Program Associate, until May 2013
JOSEPH PALMER, Senior Project Assistant, from June 2013
NATIONAL MATERIALS AND MANUFACTURING BOARD
ROBERT E. SCHAFRIK, NAE, GE Aviation, Chair
PETER R. BRIDENBAUGH, NAE, ALCOA, retired
LAWRENCE D. BURNS, NAE, University of Michigan
JIM C.I. CHANG, National Cheng Kung University
STEPHEN H. DAVIS, Northwestern University
GEORGE T. GRAY III, Los Alamos National Laboratory
JENNIE S. HWANG, H-Technologies Group
SUNDARESAN JAYARAMAN, Georgia Institute of Technology
ROBERT H. LATIFF, R. Latiff Associates
MICHAEL F. McGRATH, Analytic Services, Inc.
CELIA MERZBACHER, Semiconductor Research Corporation
EDWARD MORRIS, National Center for Defense Manufacturing and Machining
ROBERT C. PFAHL, JR., International Electronics Manufacturing Initiative
VINCENT J. RUSSO, Aerospace Technologies Associates, LLC
HAYDN N.G. WADLEY, University of Virginia
BEN WANG, Georgia Tech Manufacturing Institute
ALBERT R.C. WESTWOOD, Sandia National Laboratories
Staff
DENNIS I. CHAMOT, Acting Director
ERIK B. SVEDBERG, Senior Program Officer
TERI G. THOROWGOOD, Administrative Coordinator
HEATHER LOZOWSKI, Financial Associate
ANN F. LARROW, Program Associate, until May 2013
JOSEPH PALMER, Senior Project Assistant, from June 2013
Acknowledgment of Reviewers
This workshop summary has been reviewed in draft form by individuals chosen for their diverse perspectives and technical expertise, in accordance with procedures approved by the National Research Council’s (NRC’s) Report Review Committee. The purpose of this independent review is to provide candid and critical comments that will assist the institution in making its published report as sound as possible and to ensure that the report meets institutional standards for objectivity, evidence, and responsiveness to the study charge. The review comments and draft manuscript remain confidential to protect the integrity of the deliberative process. We wish to thank the following individuals for their review of this workshop summary:
Peter R. Bridenbaugh (NAE), ALCOA, retired,
Rosario A. Gerhardt, Georgia Institute of Technology,
Paul S. Peercy, University of Wisconsin, Madison, and
Prabhjot Singh, GE Global Research.
Although the reviewers listed above have provided many constructive comments and suggestions, they did not see the final draft of the workshop summary before its release. The review of this workshop summary was overseen by Lyle Schwartz, University of Maryland. Appointed by the NRC, he was responsible for making certain that an independent examination of this summary was carried out in accordance with institutional procedures and that all review comments were carefully considered. Responsibility for the final content of this summary rests entirely with the author and the institution.
Contents
1 WORKSHOP INTRODUCTION: WELCOME AND MEETING OBJECTIVES
2 ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING—SESSION SUMMARY
Introduction to Additive Manufacturing and Current and Future Applications
Center for Innovative Materials Processing Through Direct Digital Deposition
Open Discussion: Additive Manufacturing
3 ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD MANIPULATION OF PROPERTIES—SESSION SUMMARY
Materials Processing at the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory
