A systemic problem across institutions of higher education known as "passing the harasser" enables faculty members found responsible for sexual harassment to transition to another institution without notifying their new employer or facing disciplinary action from their previous employer. This problem is often facilitated by institutional confidentiality and nondisclosure agreements that prevent institutions from sharing information on faculty perpetrators of sexual harassment.
This issue paper from the Response Working Group of the Action Collaborative on Preventing Sexual Harassment in Higher Education summarizes the development and implementation of a policy by the University of California, Davis to prevent the problem of "passing the harasser." The paper describes the policy and the processes that were used to develop and implement it, with the aim of enabling other organizations to adapt and apply it to their own environment.
11 pages
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8.5 x 11
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ISBN Ebook: 0-309-99553-1
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/26565
Harton, M., and Benya, F. (Eds.). 2022. Innovative Practice: University of California, Davis: Stop "Passing the Harasser" Policy: Issue Paper. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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A systemic problem across institutions of higher education known as "passing the harasser" enables faculty members found responsible for sexual harassment to transition to another institution without notifying their new employer or facing disciplinary action from their previous employer. This problem is often facilitated by institutional confidentiality and nondisclosure agreements that prevent institutions from sharing information on faculty perpetrators of sexual harassment.
This issue paper from the Response Working Group of the Action Collaborative on Preventing Sexual Harassment in Higher Education summarizes policies developed by the University of Wisconsin System to address this problem. The UW System's policy is innovative because it provides a systematic, coordinated framework for documenting, sharing, and responding to findings of sexual misconduct within the hiring and reference check processes for full-time faculty and staff across multiple UW System institutions and state agencies. The paper describes the policy and the processes that were used to develop and implement it, with the aim of enabling other organizations to adapt and apply it to their own environment.
13 pages
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8.5 x 11
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ISBN Ebook: 0-309-99584-1
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/26564
Harton, M., and Benya, F. (Eds.). 2022. Innovative Practice: University of Wisconsin System: Stop "Passing the Harasser" Policy: Issue Paper. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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Workshop
On December 7 and 8, 2020, the Roundtable on Black Men and Black Women in Science, Engineering, and Medicine of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine convened a virtual workshop that examined how to strengthen mentoring and advising of Black students and professionals in science, engineering, and medicine. Presenters included faculty deans, social scientists who are experts in organizational and professional development, and program implementers. Throughout the workshop, individual presenters highlighted evaluation criteria used by successful pipeline programs, including statistics on recruitment, retention, and advancement; career and leadership accomplishments; and awards and publications. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions of the workshop.
114 pages
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6 x 9
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paperback
ISBN Paperback: 0-309-27713-2
ISBN Ebook: 0-309-27714-0
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/26462
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Mentoring of Black Graduate and Medical Students, Postdoctoral Scholars, and Early-Career Faculty in Science, Engineering, and Medicine: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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Consensus
Demand for tech professionals is expected to increase substantially over the next decade, and increasing the number of women of color in tech will be critical to building and maintaining a competitive workforce. Despite years of efforts to increase the diversity of the tech workforce, women of color have remained underrepresented, and the numbers of some groups of women of color have even declined. Even in cases where some groups of women of color may have higher levels of representation, data show that they still face significant systemic challenges in advancing to positions of leadership. Research evidence suggests that structural and social barriers in tech education, the tech workforce, and in venture capital investment disproportionately and negatively affect women of color.
Transforming Trajectories for Women of Color in Tech uses current research as well as information obtained through four public information-gathering workshops to provide recommendations to a broad set of stakeholders within the tech ecosystem for increasing recruitment, retention, and advancement of women of color. This report identifies gaps in existing research that obscure the nature of challenges faced by women of color in tech, addresses systemic issues that negatively affect outcomes for women of color in tech, and provides guidance for transforming existing systems and implementing evidence-based policies and practices to increase the success of women of color in tech.
254 pages
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6 x 9
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paperback
ISBN Paperback: 0-309-26897-4
ISBN Ebook: 0-309-26902-4
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/26345
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Transforming Trajectories for Women of Color in Tech. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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Workshop
Academic preparation is critical to increase Black representation in Science, Engineering, and Medicine, but so, too, are such interrelated factors as providing mentoring and role models in sufficient numbers, adequately funding school and community support services, and analyzing the intentional and unintentional consequences of a range of policies and practices. To address these issues, the Roundtable on Black Men and Black Women of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine convened a virtual workshop on September 2 and 3, 2020. Titled "Educational Pathways for Blacks in Science, Engineering, and Medicine: Exploring Barriers and Possible Interventions," the workshop provided a platform to explore challenges and opportunities, beginning in the earliest years of life through K-12 schooling, undergraduate and postgraduate education, and into the workforce. Presenters throughout the workshop provided perspectives from research and from their own experiences to discuss the need for systemic solutions inside and outside of formal education institutions. This publication summarizes the presentation and discussion of the workshop.
120 pages
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6 x 9
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paperback
ISBN Paperback: 0-309-27344-7
ISBN Ebook: 0-309-27345-5
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/26391
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Educational Pathways for Black Students in Science, Engineering, and Medicine: Exploring Barriers and Possible Interventions: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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Workshop_in_brief
While there has been growth in the number of women entrepreneurs in the United States in recent years, the percentage of women - particularly women of color - who decide to pursue an entrepreneurial career continues to be significantly lower than that of men. Entrepreneurship is a crucial enterprise responsible for driving innovation and economic growth, and increasing the representation of women, especially in STEM and medical (STEMM) industries, is critical to ensuring the nation's overall health, economic well-being, and global competitiveness.
On June 21-22, 2021, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and held a virtual workshop to explore the current structural barriers (i.e., policies, practices, or other norms that systematically perpetuate gender disparities) driving the underrepresentation of women entrepreneurs across STEMM industries and strategies to overcome these barriers. Participants included representatives from a variety of sectors, including higher education, government, nonprofits, and industry, as well as researchers, evaluators, inventors, mentors, consultants, and policy analysts, among others. This publication highlights the presentation and discussion of the workshop.
12 pages
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8.5 x 11
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ISBN Ebook: 0-309-27576-8
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/26433
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. Overcoming Structural Barriers for Women in Entrepreneurship: Proceedings of a Workshop—in Brief. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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Individual reports of sexual harassment to an organization through formal reporting channels, such as notifications to the Title IX Office, are not reliable indicators of the prevalence of the problem. In fact, it is rare for those who experience sexual harassment to file a report with their institution - studies show that approximately 2 to 7 percent of individuals do so. Measuring the prevalence of sexual harassment on a campus can be achieved by collecting population-based data in the form of a large-scale survey. The ability for such a survey to do so accurately, however, depends on many factors, such as whether the questions it contains have been tested to determine whether participants understand and interpret them as intended.
This issue paper from Evaluation Working Group of the Action Collaborative on Preventing Sexual Harassment in Higher Education provides information specifically on conducting climate assessments to measure sexual harassment prevalence. This publication describes key considerations for each step in the campus climate assessment process and identifies where there are gaps in the research knowledge.
24 pages
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8.5 x 11
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ISBN Ebook: 0-309-27039-1
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/26346
Merhill, N. M., K. A. Bonner, and A. L. Baker (Eds.). 2021. Guidance for Measuring Sexual Harassment Prevalence Using Campus Climate Surveys: Issue Paper. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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The Action Collaborative's Year 2 Annual Report summarizes the Action Collaborative's collective progress in the 2020-2021 year, identifies areas for future focus, discusses trends in organizations' reported areas of work, and highlights work shared by member organizations and partner network organizations. A complete collection of "descriptions of work" authored by member and partner network organizations is available in the repository.
14 pages
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8.5 x 11
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ISBN Ebook: 0-309-26821-4
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/26339
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. Action Collaborative on Preventing Sexual Harassment in Higher Education: Year Two Annual Report of Activities. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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Workshop
Rising awareness of and increased attention to sexual harassment has resulted in momentum to implement sexual harassment prevention efforts in higher education institutions. Work on preventing sexual harassment is an area that has recently garnered a lot of attention, especially around education and programs that go beyond the standard anti-sexual harassment trainings often used to comply with legal requirements.
On April 20-21, 2021, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine hosted the workshop Developing Evaluation Metrics for Sexual Harassment Prevention Efforts. The workshop explored approaches and strategies for evaluating and measuring the effectiveness of sexual harassment interventions being implemented at higher education institutions and research and training sites, in order to assist institutions in transforming promising ideas into evidence-based best practices. Workshop participants also addressed methods, metrics, and measures that could be used to evaluate sexual harassment prevention efforts that lead to change in the organizational climate and culture and/or a change in behavior among community members. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussion of the workshop.
134 pages
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6 x 9
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paperback
ISBN Paperback: 0-309-08769-4
ISBN Ebook: 0-309-08770-8
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/26279
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. Evaluating the Effectiveness of Interventions to Prevent and Address Sexual Harassment: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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The Action Collaborative's Year 1 Annual Report summarizes the Action Collaborative's collective progress in the 2019-2020 year, identifies areas for future focus, discusses trends in members' reported areas of work, and highlights work shared by some member organizations.
14 pages
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8.5 x 11
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ISBN Ebook: 0-309-09373-2
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/26313
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Action Collaborative on Preventing Sexual Harassment in Higher Education: Year One Annual Report of Member Activities. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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Workshop
While the COVID-19 pandemic has had devastating health and economic impacts in the United States, communities of color, especially Black communities, have been disproportionately affected. On June 23, 2020, the Roundtable on Black Men and Black Women in Science, Engineering, and Medicine of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine convened a virtual workshop to discuss the landscape of COVID-19, including how systemic racism contributes to the disproportionate effects related to infection rates and mortality of this virus and other health conditions. Presenters highlighted relevant research and creative responses from many perspectives, including how Black scientists, engineers, and doctors are contributing to solutions and are ready to do more. National Academies leaders and members also discussed the role of the National Academies in addressing the pandemic and underlying issues of systemic racism that have led to health disparities in the United States. This publication summarizes the presentation and discussion of the workshop.
96 pages
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6 x 9
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paperback
ISBN Paperback: 0-309-47239-3
ISBN Ebook: 0-309-47240-7
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/26146
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. COVID-19 and the Present and Future of Black Communities: The Role of Black Physicians, Engineers, and Scientists: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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Consensus
Over the last few decades, research, activity, and funding has been devoted to improving the recruitment, retention, and advancement of women in the fields of science, engineering, and medicine. In recent years the diversity of those participating in these fields, particularly the participation of women, has improved and there are significantly more women entering careers and studying science, engineering, and medicine than ever before. However, as women increasingly enter these fields they face biases and barriers and it is not surprising that sexual harassment is one of these barriers.
Over thirty years the incidence of sexual harassment in different industries has held steady, yet now more women are in the workforce and in academia, and in the fields of science, engineering, and medicine (as students and faculty) and so more women are experiencing sexual harassment as they work and learn. Over the last several years, revelations of the sexual harassment experienced by women in the workplace and in academic settings have raised urgent questions about the specific impact of this discriminatory behavior on women and the extent to which it is limiting their careers.
Sexual Harassment of Women explores the influence of sexual harassment in academia on the career advancement of women in the scientific, technical, and medical workforce. This report reviews the research on the extent to which women in the fields of science, engineering, and medicine are victimized by sexual harassment and examines the existing information on the extent to which sexual harassment in academia negatively impacts the recruitment, retention, and advancement of women pursuing scientific, engineering, technical, and medical careers. It also identifies and analyzes the policies, strategies and practices that have been the most successful in preventing and addressing sexual harassment in these settings.
324 pages
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ISBN Ebook: 0-309-30732-5
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/26081
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Harcèlement sexuel des femmes: Climat, culture et conséquences dans les filières universitaires de sciences, d'ingénierie et de médecine. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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Workshop
Despite the changing demographics of the nation and a growing appreciation for diversity and inclusion as drivers of excellence in science, engineering, and medicine, Black Americans are severely underrepresented in these fields. Racism and bias are significant reasons for this disparity, with detrimental implications on individuals, health care organizations, and the nation as a whole. The Roundtable on Black Men and Black Women in Science, Engineering, and Medicine was launched at the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine in 2019 to identify key levers, drivers, and disruptors in government, industry, health care, and higher education where actions can have the most impact on increasing the participation of Black men and Black women in science, medicine, and engineering.
On April 16, 2020, the Roundtable convened a workshop to explore the context for their work; to surface key issues and questions that the Roundtable should address in its initial phase; and to reach key stakeholders and constituents. This proceedings provides a record of the workshop.
106 pages
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6 x 9
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paperback
ISBN Paperback: 0-309-67954-0
ISBN Ebook: 0-309-67955-9
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/25849
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. The Impacts of Racism and Bias on Black People Pursuing Careers in Science, Engineering, and Medicine: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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Consensus
Over the last few decades, research, activity, and funding has been devoted to improving the recruitment, retention, and advancement of women in the fields of science, engineering, and medicine. In recent years the diversity of those participating in these fields, particularly the participation of women, has improved and there are significantly more women entering careers and studying science, engineering, and medicine than ever before. However, as women increasingly enter these fields they face biases and barriers and it is not surprising that sexual harassment is one of these barriers.
Over thirty years the incidence of sexual harassment in different industries has held steady, yet now more women are in the workforce and in academia, and in the fields of science, engineering, and medicine (as students and faculty) and so more women are experiencing sexual harassment as they work and learn. Over the last several years, revelations of the sexual harassment experienced by women in the workplace and in academic settings have raised urgent questions about the specific impact of this discriminatory behavior on women and the extent to which it is limiting their careers.
Sexual Harassment of Women explores the influence of sexual harassment in academia on the career advancement of women in the scientific, technical, and medical workforce. This report reviews the research on the extent to which women in the fields of science, engineering, and medicine are victimized by sexual harassment and examines the existing information on the extent to which sexual harassment in academia negatively impacts the recruitment, retention, and advancement of women pursuing scientific, engineering, technical, and medical careers. It also identifies and analyzes the policies, strategies and practices that have been the most successful in preventing and addressing sexual harassment in these settings.
312 pages
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6 x 9
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paperback
ISBN Paperback: 0-309-47087-0
ISBN Ebook: 0-309-47088-9
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/24994
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Sexual Harassment of Women: Climate, Culture, and Consequences in Academic Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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Black men are increasingly underrepresented in medical schools and in the medical profession. A diverse workforce is a key attribute of quality healthcare and research suggests that a diverse workforce may help to advance cultural competency and increase access to high-quality health care, especially for underserved populations. Conversely, lack of diversity in the health workforce threatens health care quality and access and contributes to health disparities. In this way, the growing absence of Black men in medicine is especially troubling, because their absence in medicine may have adverse consequences for health care access, quality, and outcomes among Black Americans and Americans overall.
To better understand the factors that contribute to the low participation of Black men in the medical profession, facilitate discussion of current strategies used to increase their participation in medical education, and explore new strategies along the educational and professional pipeline that may have potential to increase participation in medicine, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and the Cobb Institute jointly convened a 2-day workshop in November 2017, in Washington, DC. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.
170 pages
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6 x 9
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paperback
ISBN Paperback: 0-309-47690-9
ISBN Ebook: 0-309-47691-7
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/25130
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. An American Crisis: The Growing Absence of Black Men in Medicine and Science: Proceedings of a Joint Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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